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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2020 Apr 1.
Published in final edited form as: J Pain. 2018 Oct 29;20(4):462–471. doi: 10.1016/j.jpain.2018.10.004

Table 3.

Pressure pain thresholds and cold water pain during the conditioned pain modulation test

Opioid users Non-users p
CPM: Trial 1
            PPTh-Pre 373.5 (195.9) 326.1 (120.2) < .05
            Cold water pain 52.2 (24.9) 64.35 (26.5) ns
            PPTh-Post 448.3 (234.9) 422.8 (160.5) ns
CPM: Trial 2
            PPTh-Pre 449.7 (223.1) 331.9 (120.9) < .05
            Cold water pain 58.2 (26.3) 68.7 (25.1) ns
            PPTh-Post 517.3 (260.7) 388.1 (137.9) < .05

Note: PPTh-Pre: pressure pain thresholds before the water bath; Cold water pain: pain ratings during the water bath; PPTh-Pre: Pressure pain thresholds 20 seconds after cold pain (i.e., water bath) onset; Numbers in parentheses are standard deviations.