A: In 34 NHPs that received KTx and DBMT, 30 recipients successfully developed transient multilineage mixed chimerism [Chimerism (+)], but 4 recipients failed to develop multilineage mixed chimerism [Chimerism (–)]. Recipients that developed multilineage mixed chimerism showed significantly longer renal allograft survival, compared with those without chimerism.
B: The 30 recipients that developed transient mixed chimerism were then categorized in 3 groups based on the transplant outcome: 10 recipients never developed rejection during the entire observation period (Group TOL) with a graft survival time (GST) > 1258 ± 388 days; 12 recipients eventually developed chronic antibody mediated rejection (Group CAMR) with GST 932 ± 155 days. The last group consisted of 8 recipients that developed T cell mediated rejection (Group TCMR) with GST 73 ± 8 days. Renal allograft survival was significantly longer in TOL recipients than in CAMR (p=0.0052) and TCMR (p<0.0001).