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. 2019 Feb;81(1):65–79. doi: 10.18999/nagjms.81.1.65

Table 2. Knowledge regarding the ill effects of tobacco and the Tobacco Product Law.

Questions Smoking Smokeless
Smoker Non-smoker User Non-user
n (%) n (%) n (%) n (%)
Total 104 (100) 196 (100) 85 (100) 215 (100)
Knowledge regarding the ill effects of tobacco
Knowledge of harm to health 103 (99.0) 194 (99.0) 74 (87.1) 193 (89.8)
Smoke from other people's cigarette is harmful 103 (99.0) 194 (99.0)
Taught about the danger of tobacco in classes 38 (36.5) 83 (42.3) 31 (36.5) 70 (32.6)
Hazardous effects of tobacco 92 (88.5) 169 (86.2) 71 (83.5) 180 (83.7)
Source of anti-tobacco message
Television 83 (79.8) 180 (91.8) 51 (60.0) 153 (71.2)
Radio 56 (53.8) 125 (63.8) 36 (42.4) 104 (48.4)
Billboard 60 (57.7) 115 (58.7) 34 (40.0) 87 (40.5)
Poster 51 (49.0) 113 (57.7) 31 (36.5) 79 (36.7)
Newspaper 59 (56.7) 153 (78.1) 44 (51.8) 121 (56.3)
Journal 50 (48.1) 118 (60.2) 34 (40.0) 97 (45.1)
Magazine 39 (37.5) 89 (45.4) 26 (30.6) 69 (32.1)
Movie 67 (64.4) 131 (66.8) 42 (49.4) 119 (55.3)
Internet 40 (38.5) 67 (34.2) 30 (35.3) 69 (32.1)
Heard or seen anti-tobacco message by media in the past 30 days
No 42 (40.4) 87 (44.4) 47 (55.3) 101 (47.0)
1–4 times 46 (44.2) 85 (43.4) 27 (31.8) 94 (43.7)
5 times and above 16 (15.3) 24 (12.2) 11 (12.9) 20 (9.3)
Knowledge regarding the Tobacco Product Law
Presence of Tobacco Product Law in Myanmar 36 (34.6) 39 (19.9) 29 (34.1) 46 (21.4)
Ban of tobacco use in public places
Hospital 99 (95.2) 188 (95.9) 80 (94.1) 207 (96.3)
Restaurant 31 (29.8) 54 (27.6) 30 (35.3) 55 (25.6)
Bus 80 (76.9) 143 (73.0) 67 (78.8) 156 (72.6)
School 97 (93.3) 190 (96.9) 80 (94.1) 207 (96.3)
Gym 85 (81.7) 130 (66.3) 65 (76.5) 150 (69.8)
Sport arena 68 (65.4) 106 (54.1) 54 (63.5) 120 (55.8)
Age of prohibition to sell tobacco products
<16 years 10 (9.6) 35 (17.9) 9 (10.6) 36 (16.7)
<17 years 3 (2.9) 0 (0.0) 3 (3.5) 0 (0.0)
<18 years 84 (80.8) 140 (71.4) 67 (78.8) 157 (73.0)
Don't know 7 (6.7) 21 (10.7) 6 (7.1) 22 (10.2)
Prohibition sale of tobacco products in school 81 (77.9) 159 (81.8) 67 (78.8) 173 (80.5)
Prohibited area from school to sell tobacco products
50 feet 17 (16.3) 23 (11.7) 14 (16.5) 26 (12.1)
100 feet 19 (18.3) 19 (9.7) 18 (21.2) 20 (9.3)
200 feet 11 (10.6) 21 (10.7) 9 (10.6) 23 (10.7)
Don't know 57 (54.8) 133 (67.9) 44 (51.8) 146 (67.9)
Presence of the law to prohibit all forms of tobacco advertisement in Myanmar 35 (33.7) 60 (30.6) 29 (34.1) 66 (30.7)
Have seen tobacco advertisement in television or billboard 70 (67.3) 103 ( 52.6) 57 (67.1) 116 (54.0)