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. 2019 Mar 25;9:5110. doi: 10.1038/s41598-019-41542-1

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© The Author(s) 2019

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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(a) Standardized effect size for the Sørensen index (β_sor); dashed lines indicate SES values of +2 and −2. (b) β_sor, β_sne (dissimilarity due to nestedness) and β_sim (turnover) values; the sum of β_sim and β_sne is β_sor. (c) Beta diversity ratio. Values were estimated for pairwise comparisons among Z400 replicates (n = 10), Z50 replicates (n = 10) and between the two groups.