Table 2.
Comparison of clinical T1 stage clear cell renal cell cancers (ccRCC) (≤7-cm) with or without aggressive characteristics (metastasis, recurrence, or cancer-specific death).
| RCC with aggressive characteristics (n = 40) | RCC without aggressive characteristics (n = 137) | Pa | Pb | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Gender, n (%) | ||||
| Male | 26 (65.0%) | 101 (73.7%) | 0.281 | |
| Female | 14 (35.0%) | 36 (26.3%) | ||
| Age (years) | 58.0 ± 11.3 | 58.7 ± 11.8 | 0.755 | |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 25.2 ± 4.2 | 24.8 ± 3.4 | 0.520 | |
| Radical surgery, n (%) | 29 (72.5%) | 65 (47.4%) | 0.005 | 0.053 |
| Tumor size (cm) | 4.4 ± 1.5 | 4.1 ± 1.7 | 0.241 | |
| Fuhrman grade | ||||
| 1 | 1 (2.5%) | 7 (5.1%) | 0.023 | |
| 2 | 12 (30.0%) | 67 (48.9%) | ||
| 3 | 22 (55.0%) | 59 (43.1%) | ||
| 4 | 5 (12.5%) | 4 (2.9%) | ||
| 3–4, n (%) vs 1–2 | 27 (67.5%) | 63 (46.0%) | 0.017 | 0.015 |
| Invasion (perinephric/sinus fat/vascular), n (%) | 1 (2.5%) | 10 (7.3%) | 0.269 | |
| Positive nodal status, n (%) | 1 (2.5%) | 0 (0.0%) | 0.063 | |
| Gene expressions | ||||
| FOXC2 | 0.0033 ± 0.0057 | 0.0074 ± 0.0169 | 0.018 | 0.031 |
| CLIP4 | 0.0042 ± 0.0055 | 0.0088 ± 0.0169 | 0.008 | 0.781 |
| PBRM1 | 0.0008 ± 0.0014 | 0.0051 ± 0.0124 | <0.001 | 0.035 |
| SETD2 | 0.0003 ± 0.0003 | 0.0004 ± 0.0007 | 0.092 | |
| BAP1 | 0.0001 ± 0.0001 | 0.0002 ± 0.0005 | 0.004 | 0.049 |
| KDM5C | 0.0016 ± 0.0015 | 0.0030 ± 0.0094 | 0.350 | |
| Immunohistochemical staining | ||||
| FOXC2 (positive), n (%) | 24 (60.0%) | 110 (80.3%) | 0.008 | 0.011 |
| PBRM1 (positive), n (%) | 10 (25.0%) | 83 (60.6%) | <0.001 | 0.009 |
| BAP1 (positive), n (%) | 25 (62.5%) | 123 (89.8%) | <0.001 | 0.037 |
Data are shown as mean ± SD or number of subjects (%)
BMI body mass index
a
P-value calculated using t-test for continuous variables and chi-square test for categorical variables
b
P-value calculated using logistic regression for multivariate analysis