Fig. 3.

Real-time RT-PCR analysis in chick maxillary mesenchyme treated with Dkk-1 and rescued with AL. The chart shows real-time RT-PCR results for different genes from maxillary mesenchyme treated with Dkk-1 and AL. Each bar shows BSA treated sample on the left, Dkk-1 treated sample on the middle, and rescue situation on the right. Bmp4, Sox9, Tbx22, and Barx1 gene expression significantly decreased following Dkk-1-soaked bead implantation in the maxillary process. Bmp4, Sox9, Tbx22, and Barx1 mRNA levels were rescued by combined treatment with Dkk-1 and AL and showed no significant difference from BSA treatment. Values are the mean ± S.E. in separate experiments using 9 embryos. *: P < 0.05, significantly different from the corresponding value for BSA treated group.