TABLE A3.
Frequency and Rate of Game-Related High School Football Injuries Between Artificial Turf Infill Systems by Lower Extremity Joint and Muscle Traumaa
| Infill Weight | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| ≥9.0 lb/ft2
(n = 528) |
6.0-8.9 lb/ft2
(n = 521) |
3.0-5.9 lb/ft2
(n = 525) |
0.0-2.9 lb/ft2
(n = 263) |
|||||
| Variable | n | IIR (95% CI) | n | IIR (95% CI) | n | IIR (95% CI) | n | IIR (95% CI) |
| Lower extremity—joint | ||||||||
| Hip and associated joints | 1 | 0.0 (0.0-0.1) | 6 | 0.1 (0.1-0.2) | 10 | 0.2 (0.1-0.3) | 12 | 0.5 (0.3-0.8) |
| Tibiofemoral | 99 | 1.9 (1.6-2.2) | 124 | 2.4 (2.0-2.8) | 98 | 1.9 (1.6-2.2) | 66 | 2.5 (2.0-3.1) |
| Patellofemoral | 18 | 0.3 (0.2-0.5)b,d | 38 | 0.7 (0.5-1.0)b | 42 | 0.8 (0.6-1.1)c | 30 | 1.1 (0.8-1.6)e |
| Proximal tibiofibular | 7 | 0.1 (0.1-0.3) | 7 | 0.1 (0.1-0.3) | 8 | 0.2 (0.1-0.3) | 9 | 0.3 (0.2-0.6) |
| Distal tibiofibular | 35 | 0.7 (0.5-0.9) | 52 | 1.0 (0.8-1.3) | 63 | 1.2 (0.9-1.5) | 27 | 1.0 (0.7-1.5) |
| Talocrural | 49 | 0.9 (0.7-1.2)b | 84 | 1.6 (1.3-2.0)c | 61 | 1.2 (0.9-1.5)b | 30 | 1.1 (0.8-1.6)b |
| Subtalar | 22 | 0.4 (0.3-0.6) | 24 | 0.5 (0.3-0.7) | 25 | 0.5 (0.3-0.7) | 15 | 0.6 (0.3-0.9) |
| Talocalcaneonavicular | 12 | 0.2 (0.1-0.4) | 25 | 0.5 (0.3-0.7) | 27 | 0.5 (0.4-0.7) | 9 | 0.3 (0.2-0.6) |
| Calcaneocuboid | 0 | 0.0 (0.0-0.0) | 2 | 0.0 (0.0-0.1) | 10 | 0.2 (0.1-0.3) | 6 | 0.2 (0.1-0.5) |
| Intertarsal | 1 | 0.0 (0.0-0.1) | 0 | 0.0 (0.0-0.0) | 1 | 0.0 (0.0-0.1) | 0 | 0.0 (0.0-0.0) |
| Transverse/midtarsal | 0 | 0.0 (0.0-0.0) | 2 | 0.0 (0.0-0.1) | 4 | 0.1 (0.0-0.2) | 2 | 0.1 (0.0-0.3) |
| Tarsometatarsal | 3 | 0.1 (0.0-0.2) | 4 | 0.1 (0.0-0.2) | 6 | 0.1 (0.1-0.2) | 1 | 0.0 (0.0-0.2) |
| Intermetatarsal | 1 | 0.0 (0.0-0.1) | 2 | 0.0 (0.0-0.1) | 2 | 0.0 (0.0-0.1) | 1 | 0.0 (0.0-0.2) |
| Metatarsophalangeal | 7 | 0.1 (0.1-0.3) | 13 | 0.3 (0.1-0.4) | 17 | 0.3 (0.2-0.5) | 5 | 0.2 (0.1-0.4) |
| Proximal/distal interphalangeal | 2 | 0.0 (0.0-0.1) | 3 | 0.1 (0.0-0.2) | 9 | 0.2 (0.1-0.3) | 1 | 0.0 (0.0-0.2) |
| Lower extremity—joint combined | 257 | 4.9 (4.4-5.3)d,f | 386 | 7.4 (7.0-7.8)e | 383 | 7.3 (6.9-7.7)e | 214 | 8.1 (7.6-8.6)g |
| Lower extremity—muscle | ||||||||
| Gluteals | 5 | 0.1 (0.0-0.2) | 7 | 0.1 (0.1-0.3) | 3 | 0.1 (0.0-0.2) | 3 | 0.1 (0.0-0.3) |
| Quadriceps | 38 | 0.7 (0.5-1.0) | 51 | 1.0 (0.8-1.3) | 59 | 1.1 (0.9-1.4) | 34 | 1.3 (0.9-1.8) |
| Hamstrings | 21 | 0.4 (0.3-0.6) | 26 | 0.5 (0.3-0.7) | 22 | 0.4 (0.3-0.6) | 14 | 0.5 (0.3-0.9) |
| Adductors | 7 | 0.1 (0.1-0.3) | 10 | 0.2 (0.1-0.4) | 8 | 0.2 (0.1-0.3) | 1 | 0.0 (0.0-0.2) |
| Lower leg flexors | 16 | 0.3 (0.2-0.5)b,d | 40 | 0.8 (0.6-1.0)c | 26 | 0.5 (0.3-0.7)b | 28 | 1.1 (0.7-1.5)e |
| Lower leg extensors | 18 | 0.3 (0.2-0.5)b,h | 31 | 0.6 (0.4-0.8)b | 40 | 0.8 (0.6-1.0)c | 37 | 1.4 (1.0-1.9)i |
| Gastrocnemius/soleus/plantaris | 42 | 0.8 (0.6-1.1)d | 30 | 0.6 (0.4-0.8)d | 93 | 1.8 (1.5-2.1)e | 22 | 0.8 (0.6-1.2)d |
| Muscles of the foot | 17 | 0.3 (0.2-0.5) | 27 | 0.5 (0.4-0.7) | 32 | 0.6 (0.4-0.8) | 13 | 0.5 (0.3-0.8) |
| Lower leg combined | 93 | 1.8 (1.5-2.1)f | 128 | 2.5 (2.1-2.8)f | 191 | 3.6 (3.2-4.1)g | 100 | 3.8 (3.2-4.4)g |
| Lower extremity—muscle combined | 164 | 3.1 (2.7-3.5)d,f | 222 | 4.3 (3.8-4.7)e | 283 | 5.4 (5.0-5.8)g | 152 | 5.8 (5.2-6.4)g |
aWilks λ lower extremity—joint (F 15,4636 = 1.783; P = .001); lower extremity—muscle (F 7,4644 = 3.013; P = .0001). IIR, injury incidence rate (calculated as [number of injuries/number of team games] × 10).
Statistically significant at b,cP < .05, d,eP < .01, f,gP < .001, h,iP < .0001.