Figure 3.

The relative proportion of reviewed papers that had positive final outcomes for papers with female versus male authors. Values >1 indicate that papers with female authors are more likely to have positive outcomes, whereas values <1 indicate that papers with female authors are less likely to have positive outcomes. The left panels count as a positive outcome‐only papers that were invited for minor or major revision. The right panels include papers that were invited for minor or major revision or were rejected but invited to resubmit. Three of the journals (Evolution, J Applied Ecology, and Methods in Ecology and Evolution) make frequent use of “reject with resubmission invited,” but three others use this decision category rarely. The mean proportion of papers with positive outcomes for each journal‐gender combination are in Figure A3. Logistic regression: PositiveOutcome[yes/no] = Journal + Year + AuthorGender + 2‐way interactions. Revision invited by first author gender (Panel a): ${\chi }_1^2$ = 15.4, p < 0.001; revision or resubmission invited by first author gender (Panel b): ${\chi }_1^2$ = 7.72, p = 0.006; revision invited by senior author gender (Panel c): ${\chi }_1^2$ = 0.18, p = 0.67; revision or resubmission invited by senior author gender (Panel d): ${\chi }_1^2$ = 4.42, p = 0.04.