| Methods |
Setting: US Veterans Administration Demonstration Project
Recruitment: veterans attending a health promotion clinic
Selected: responding to mailed invitations for health promotion. Some recruited at second visit. |
| Participants |
90 smokers (not defined); mean age 53.7 years (55.5 vs 51.7), 4% female, mean cpd: 23.5, mean pack‐year: 60.4
Initial cessation intent: 51% vs 44%
Therapist: nurse‐practitioner |
| Interventions |
Intervention: spirometry, exhaled CO, discussion of pulmonary symptoms + control intervention
Control: 50‐minute educational intervention, review of self‐help manual, invitation to a 9‐session 1‐to‐1 counselling programme |
| Outcomes |
Definition of abstinence: point prevalence
Duration of follow‐up: 12 months
Biochemical validation of non‐smokers: exhaled CO <= 10 ppm |
| Identification |
|
| Notes |
Funding source: supported by VA Health Services Research and Development Funds |
| Risk of bias |
| Bias |
Authors' judgement |
Support for judgement |
| Random sequence generation (selection bias) |
Unclear risk |
Randomised, method not stated |
| Allocation concealment (selection bias) |
Unclear risk |
No details given. |
| Blinding of outcome assessment (detection bias)
All outcomes |
Low risk |
Follow‐up assessors blind to allocation group, biochemical validation used. |
| Incomplete outcome data (attrition bias)
All outcomes |
Low risk |
13 (29%) intervention, 6 (13%) control lost to follow‐up at 12 months, included as smokers. |
