Table 3.
Univariate and multivariate analyses of risk factors for death-censored allograft loss.
| Univariate | Multivariate | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Variable | No. of patients | HR | 95% CI | P-Value | HR | 95% CI | P-Value |
| CLINICO-BIOLOGICAL FACTORS | |||||||
| Recipient gender | |||||||
| Female | 27 | 1.00 | Reference | ||||
| Male | 42 | 1.04 | (0.58–1.90) | 0.89 | † | ||
| Recipient age (per 1 year increment) | 69 | 0.99 | (0.97–1.01) | 0.18 | † | ||
| Retransplantation | |||||||
| No | 45 | 1.00 | Reference | ||||
| Yes | 24 | 1.02 | (0.56–1.84) | 0.96 | † | ||
| Donor type | |||||||
| Living | 4 | 1.00 | Reference | ||||
| Deceased | 65 | 0.78 | (0.24–2.52) | 0.78 | † | ||
| Donor age (per 1 year increment) | 69 | 1.00 | (0.98–1.02) | 0.90 | † | ||
| Number of mismatches A/B/DR | |||||||
| ≤3 | 20 | 1.00 | Reference | ||||
| >3 | 49 | 0.80 | (0.44–1.48) | 0.48 | † | ||
| Cold-ischemia time per 1-min increment | 69 | 1.00 | (0.99–1.00) | 0.23 | † | ||
| Estimated GFR at the time of rejection§ (ml/min/1.73 m2) | |||||||
| ≥30 | 36 | 1.00 | Reference | ||||
| <30 | 33 | 2.56 | (1.43–4.57) | 0.002 | 2.25 | (1.23–4.10) | 0.008 |
| Proteinuria at the time of rejection (grams/day) | |||||||
| <0.5 | 43 | 1.00 | Reference | ||||
| ≥0.5 | 26 | 2.51 | (1.41–4.49) | 0.002 | 2.36 | (1.32–4.25) | 0.004 |
| HISTOLOGICAL FACTORS* | |||||||
| Microvascular inflammation** | |||||||
| 2 or 3 | 34 | 1.00 | Reference | ||||
| ≥4 | 35 | 1.28 | (0.72–2.27) | 0.40 | † | ||
| C4d graft deposition‡ | |||||||
| 0 or 1 | 26 | 1.00 | Reference | ||||
| ≥2 | 41 | 1.15 | (0.64–2.09) | 0.64 | † | ||
| Interstitial inflammation and tubulitis | |||||||
| 0 or 1 | 27 | 1.00 | Reference | ||||
| ≥2 | 42 | 1.28 | (0.70–2.33) | 0.43 | † | ||
| Transplant glomerulopathy | |||||||
| 0 or 1 | 49 | 1.00 | Reference | ||||
| ≥2 | 20 | 0.95 | (0.51–1.77) | 0.87 | † | ||
| Endarteritis (vasculitis) | |||||||
| 0 | 54 | 1.00 | Reference | ||||
| ≥1 | 15 | 1.17 | (0.59–2.31) | 0.65 | † | ||
| Arteriosclerosis | |||||||
| 0 or 1 | 52 | 1.00 | |||||
| ≥2 | 17 | 0.77 | (0.39–1.51) | 0.44 | † | ||
| Interstitial fibrosis and tubular atrophy | |||||||
| 0 or 1 | 29 | 1.00 | Reference | ||||
| ≥2 | 40 | 1.55 | (0.85–2.83) | 0.15 | † | ||
| IMMUNOLOLOGICAL FACTORS | |||||||
| C3d-binding DSA | |||||||
| No | 29 | 1.00 | Reference | ||||
| Yes | 40 | 2.94 | (1.56–5.54) | 0.001 | 2.12 | (1.09–4.11) | 0.03 |
| Sialylated DSA | |||||||
| No | 38 | 1.00 | Reference | ||||
| Yes | 31 | 1.37 | (0.78–2,41) | 0.27 | – | – | ns |
| MFI immuno-dominant DSA | |||||||
| <6000 | 34 | 1.00 | Reference | ||||
| ≥6000 | 35 | 2.32 | (1.30–4.18) | 0.005 | – | – | ns |
| Number of DSA | |||||||
| 1 | 38 | 1.00 | Reference | ||||
| ≥2 | 31 | 1.26 | (0.71–2.22) | 0.43 | † | ||
HR, Hazard Ratio; CI, Confidence Interval; ns, Not Significant; GFR, Glomerular Filtration Rate; DSA, Donor-Specific antibodies; MFI, Mean Fluorescence Intensity; No, number.
*
Banff scores (0: no significant lesion, 1: mild, 2: moderate, 3: severe).
**
Sum of the Banff scores for glomerulitis and capillaritis.
‡
Data missing for two patients. Variables at the P-level <0.1 in univariate model and the sialylated DSA variable were incorporated into the multivariate model.
†
the variables that were not tested in multivariate model.
§
Calculated with the Modification of Diet in Renal Disease formula. Variables with significant p-values (≤0.05) are marked in bold.