Table 2.

Visual analog scale scores for postoperative pain at rest

	Superficial injection in the early stage of surgery (n = 47)	Superficial injection in the late stage of surgery (n = 58)	Difference (95% confidence interval)	p value
Recovery room	23 ± 25	39 ± 34	16 (4 to 28)	0.0078*
3 h after surgery	19 ± 19	24 ± 23	5 (− 3 to 13)	n.s.*
6 h after surgery	14 ± 16	15 ± 16	1 (− 5 to 8)	n.s.*
9 h after surgery	16 ± 23	17 ± 21	1 (− 8 to 9)	n.s.*
12 h after surgery	14 ± 19	15 ± 16	1 (− 7 to 7)	n.s.*
24 h after surgery	32 ± 25	35 ± 26	3 (− 7 to 13)	n.s.*
48 h after surgery	34 ± 26	30 ± 25	− 4 (− 15 to 6)	n.s.*

Visual analog scale score was rated using a 100-mm horizontal scale

Results are shown as means ± standard deviation

*p values were determined with Student’s t test