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. 2019 Mar 26;9:5184. doi: 10.1038/s41598-019-40163-y

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© The Author(s) 2019

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Localisation of BM-MSC-Mt injected under the renal capsule and histological improvement effects in STZ rats. (a) Experimental protocol for the injection of BM-MSC-Mt in STZ rats. Isolated DsRed2-Mt obtained from 1 × 10⁶ MtDsRed2-MSCs were injected under the renal capsule on the left side of the kidney. An equal volume of PBS was administered to the right kidney as the vehicle (n = 3 per group). (b) Immunofluorescence images of megalin (green) expression and localisation of isolated DsRed2-Mt (red) in the kidney of STZ rats. Nuclei are counterstained with DAPI (blue). PT, proximal tubules. Scale bar, 20 µm. (c) Light microscopic images of proximal tubules in STZ rats. Kidney sections were stained with H&E. Black arrowheads indicate injected isolated DsRed2-Mt stained by nickel-enhanced DAB. PT, proximal tubules. Scale bar, 20 µm in left and middle panels; 10 nm in inset. (d) Immunofluorescence images of collagen IV (green) expression in proximal tubules of STZ rats. Nuclei are counterstained with DAPI (blue). White arrows indicate an injured tubular basement membrane with loss or weakened expression of collagen IV. White arrowheads indicate degenerated nuclei. PT, proximal tubules. Scale bar, 20 µm. (e) Immunofluorescence images of megalin (green) expression in proximal tubules of STZ rats. Nuclei are counterstained with DAPI (blue). White arrows show degenerated nuclei. PT, proximal tubules. Scale bar, 20 µm.