Table 2.
Logistic regression analysis of postoperative factors for unfavourable outcome. All were predictors of increased risk, except age, sex, and preoperative ejection fraction. *The odds ratios are shown as a 1-min change in cardiopulmonary bypass and aortic occlusion time. AO, aortic occlusion; CBP, cardiopulmonary bypass; VISmax, maximum vasoactive-inotropic score
| Variable | Beta coefficient | Standard error | Odds ratio (95% confidence interval) | P |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age | ||||
| 1-yr increment | −0.01 | 0.01 | 0.99 (0.98–1.00) | 0.184 |
| Sex (female) | ||||
| Male | 1 (reference group) | – | ||
| Female | 0.19 | 0.16 | 1.21 (0.88–1.67) | 0.241 |
| Emergency procedure | ||||
| No | 1 (reference group) | – | ||
| Yes | 1.48 | 0.22 | 4.39 (2.81–6.2) | <0.001 |
| Preoperative ejection fraction | ||||
| >50% | 1 (reference group) | – | ||
| 30–50% | 0.56 | 0.35 | 1.75 (0.89–3.45) | 0.104 |
| <30% | 0.40 | 0.35 | 1.50 (0.75–2.98) | 0.250 |
| AO time* | 0.01 | 0.00 | 1.01 (1.00–1.01) | 0.006 |
| CBP time* | 0.01 | 0.00 | 1.01 (1.00–1.02) | 0.047 |
| Vasoactive-inotropic status | ||||
| VISmax<5 | 1 (reference group) | – | ||
| VISmax>5–15 | 0.72 | 0.19 | 2.06 (1.41–3.00) | <0.001 |
| VISmax>15–30 | 0.59 | 0.21 | 1.81 (1.19–2.74) | 0.005 |
| VISmax>30–45 | 1.63 | 0.26 | 5.09 (3.08–8.41) | <0.001 |
| VISmax>45 | 2.01 | 0.27 | 7.85 (4.63–13.32) | <0.001 |
| Model constant | −4.43 | 0.58 | 0.00 | <0.001 |