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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2019 Mar 27.
Published in final edited form as: Sci Transl Med. 2017 Dec 13;9(420):eaam8012. doi: 10.1126/scitranslmed.aam8012

Fig. 2. Geographical variations in the population viral load (PVL) indices derived from the 2011 population-based viral load survey.

Fig. 2.

The PVL indices are derived from HIV-positive participants only (A to C) and both HIV-positive and HIV-negative participants (D to F). The PVL maps were obtained using a moving two-dimensional standard Gaussian kernel of a 3-km radius. The Kulldorff spatial clusters of high viral loads are shown as black circles. Further details of the Kulldorff spatial clustering results are given in table S9. VL, viral load.