Table 3.

Univariate and multivariate analyses of clinicopathologic factors and overall survival in lung ADC patients

Clinicopathologic variable	Univariate	Multivariate
	p-value	p-value	HR (95% CI)
Age
< 65 yr vs ≥ 65 yr	< .001	< .001	2.871 (1.715–4.804)
Sex
Male vs female	< .001
Smoking Hx
Never vs ever or current	.025	.026	1.774 (1.073–2.935)
Differentiation
WD vs MD vs PD	.077	-	-
Genetic status
EGFR mutant vs ALK mutant vs KRAS mutant vs wild typea	.179	-	-
Pleural invasion
Negative vs positive	< .001	-	-
Vascular invasion
Negative vs positive	.002	-	-
Lymphatic invasion
Negative vs positive	< .001	-	-
Perineural invasion
Negative vs positive	< .001	-	-
Tumor size
≤ 3 cm vs > 3 cm	< .001	-	-
N category
N0 vs ≥ N1	< .001	.122	2.143 (0.815–5.632)
Stage
I vs II vs III	< .001	.039
I vs II		.294	1.732 (0.621–4.827)
I vs III		.027	3.295 (1.142–9.508)
HLA expression
< 75% vs ≥ 75%	.115	-	-
PD-L1 expression
< 1% vs ≥ 1%	.423	-	-
HLA(+)/PD-L1(+)
Others vs double positive	.001	< .001	6.106 (2.260–16.501)

ADC, adenocarcinoma; HR, hazard ratio; CI, confidence interval; Hx, history; WD, well differentiated; MD, moderately differentiated; PD, poor differentiated; EGFR, epidermal growth factor receptor; ALK, anaplastic lymphoma kinase; HLA, human leukocyte antigen; PD-L1, programmed death-ligand 1.

^aWild type defined as EGFR(–)/ALK(–)/KRAS(–).