Table 3.
Changes in ankle SBP, MBP, DBP, carotid SBP, HR, carotid AIx and sublingual temperature before (baseline, −30 min) and after glucose ingestion in all trials
| Variable | trial | Baseline (−30 min) | 15 min | 30 min | 60 min | 90 min |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Ankle SBP (mmHg) | FB→G trial | 110.6 ± 2.2 | 108.2 ± 2.8d,e | 111.1 ± 2.1d | 111.1 ± 2.3d | 111.3 ± 1.5dd |
| G→FB trial | 110.3 ± 4.2 | 120.3 ± 2.4aa | 113.0 ± 2.7b | 114.7 ± 3.3 | 114.6 ± 1.7d | |
| No FB trial | 110.8 ± 3.1 | 120.5 ± 3.3aa | 121.0 ± 2.5aa | 121.6 ± 2.3aa | 121.6 ± 1.6a | |
| Ankle MBP (mmHg) | FB→G trial | 73.5 ± 1.8 | 72.2 ± 2.1d,ee | 74.5 ± 1.6d | 74.1 ± 1.5d | 74.3 ± 1.0 |
| G→FB trial | 73.7 ± 2.8 | 81.6 ± 1.9aa | 76.7 ± 1.7 | 76.7 ± 2.1b | 78.1 ± 1.9 | |
| No FB trial | 73.2 ± 1.8 | 81.2 ± 2.0aa | 82.9 ± 2.4aa | 79.7 ± 1.6aa | 75.6 ± 2.8cc | |
| Ankle DBP (mmHg) | FB→G trial | 54.9 ± 1.7 | 54.3 ± 1.9d,e | 56.1 ± 1.5d | 55.6 ± 1.2d | 55.9 ± 1.3 |
| G→FB trial | 55.4 ± 2.4 | 62.2 ± 1.9aa | 58.5 ± 1.7 | 57.6 ± 1.7b | 58.3 ± 1.7 | |
| No FB trial | 54.5 ± 1.7 | 61.5 ± 1.9aa | 62.5 ± 1.8aa | 61.1 ± 1.4aa | 56.3 ± 2.7cc | |
| Carotid SBP (mmHg) | FB→G trial | 113.3 ± 2.6 | 114.1 ± 2.2 | 114.9 ± 2.4 | 112.9 ± 4.0 | 112.3 ± 3.4 |
| G→FB trial | 113.0 ± 4.3 | 115.3 ± 3.4 | 115.6 ± 3.2 | 113.8 ± 2.7 | 113.2 ± 5.8 | |
| No FB trial | 113.4 ± 2.9 | 115.8 ± 3.2 | 116.9 ± 4.5 | 114.3 ± 5.5 | 113.4 ± 2.5 | |
| HR (beats/min) | FB→G trial | 58.2 ± 2.2 | 62.0 ± 2.2 | 63.8 ± 2.5 | 61.9 ± 2.3 | 61.9 ± 2.0 |
| G→FB trial | 58.1 ± 2.6 | 61.9 ± 2.7 | 63.7 ± 3.5 | 61.8 ± 2.4 | 61.9 ± 2.4 | |
| No FB trial | 58.0 ± 2.1 | 62.4 ± 3.0 | 63.9 ± 2.3 | 62.1 ± 2.9 | 62.0 ± 2.8 | |
| Carotid AIx (%) | FB→G trial | −15.8 ± 3.6 | −20.0 ± 3.0 | −20.5 ± 3.4 | −19.2 ± 3.2 | −15.9 ± 4.1 |
| G→FB trial | −15.6 ± 3.8 | –17.8 ± 4.4 | −22.2 ± 4.4 | −14.2 ± 3.4 | −15.0 ± 4.2 | |
| No FB trial | −15.7 ± 3.7 | −19.8 ± 4.8 | −26.5 ± 5.5 | −21.3 ± 3.7 | −16.9 ± 3.1 | |
| Sublingual temperature (°C) | FB→G trial | 36.7 ± 0.1 | 36.6 ± 0.1 | 36.6 ± 0.1 | 36.4 ± 0.1 | 36.3 ± 0.1 |
| G→FB trial | 36.7 ± 0.1 | 36.4 ± 0.1 | 36.6 ± 0.1 | 36.4 ± 0.1 | 36.3 ± 0.2 | |
| No FB trial | 36.8 ± 0.1 | 36.4 ± 0.1 | 36.6 ± 0.1 | 36.4 ± 0.1 | 36.4 ± 0.2 |
Values are mean ± SE. SBP, systolic blood pressure; MBP, mean blood pressure; DBP, diastolic blood pressure; HR, heart rate; AIx, augmentation index; FB→G trial, footbath at 30 min before the 75-g oral glucose ingestion trial; G→FB trial, footbath at 15 min after the 75-g oral glucose ingestion trial; No FB trial, no footbath before and after the 75-g oral glucose ingestion trial. ap<0.05 and aap<0.01 vs baseline. bp<0.05 and bbp<0.01 vs 15 min. ccp<0.01 vs 30 min. dp<0.05 and ddp<0.01 vs No FB trial. ep<0.05 and eep<0.01 vs G→FB trial.