Evidence of increased hepatobiliary damage in Mac-KO mice after 14 days of DDC diet. A: Schematic depicting DDC diet protocol used in the study. B: No change in liver weight/body weight (LW/BW) ratio between Mac-KO and WT mice after feeding DDC diet for 14 days, but trend toward reduced liver size in Mac-KO mice. C: Significant increases in serum aspartate aminotransferase (AST; normal, 30 to 50 IU/L), alkaline phosphatase (ALP; normal, 20 to 100 IU/L), and direct bilirubin (DBIL; normal, 0 to 0.2 mg/dL) in Mac-KO compared with WT after 14 days of DDC diet. D: Representative hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) images from DDC-treated Mac-KO and WT livers showing evidence of more pronounced ductular reaction and periportal inflammation (arrowheads) in Mac-KO mice. Data are expressed as means ± SD. ∗P < 0.05, ∗∗P < 0.01. Original magnification, ×100 (D). ALT, alanine aminotransferase; TBIL, total bilirubin.