Table 1.

Descriptive statistics and ANOVA of category I traits under low and high nitrogen fertilization levels

Trait	Unit	Low nitrogen fertilization					High nitrogen fertilization					LN/HN	R 2a	Variety	N	Variety×N
		Min	Max	Mean	Range	CoV	Min	Max	Mean	Range	CoV
Plant fresh mass	g m–2	4032.96	5162.62	4641.06	1129.66	0.06	4742.83	5844.98	5260.78	1102.15	0.05	0.88	0.49	***	†
Plant dry mass	g m–2	634.78	799.51	733.41	164.73	0.05	664.85	819.94	742.26	155.09	0.05	0.99	0.48
N conc leaves	%	3.40	4.01	3.64	0.61	0.04	4.04	4.91	4.38	0.87	0.05	0.83	0.49	†	†
C conc leaves	%	41.84	43.37	42.73	1.53	0.01	41.42	43.99	42.83	2.57	0.01	1.00	0.42	†		**
CN ratio leaves		11.29	13.59	12.44	2.30	0.04	7.42	10.80	9.73	3.38	0.07	1.28	0.38		†
N conc stems	%	1.38	1.64	1.48	0.26	0.04	1.48	2.16	1.88	0.68	0.09	0.79	0.18	†	†	†
C conc stems	%	42.96	43.51	43.24	0.54	0.00	42.03	43.66	42.94	1.63	0.01	1.01	–0.05	**	†	**
CN ratio stems		27.50	32.56	30.41	5.05	0.04	20.79	29.73	24.24	8.94	0.08	1.25	0.24	**	†
N conc siliques	%	4.54	4.93	4.75	0.39	0.02	4.71	5.41	4.98	0.70	0.03	0.95	0.16		†
C conc siliques	%	46.68	48.12	47.52	1.44	0.01	47.05	48.39	47.81	1.34	0.01	0.99	0.09	*	†
CN ratio siliques		9.70	10.50	10.07	0.81	0.02	8.82	10.19	9.67	1.37	0.03	1.04	0.10		†
Leaves mass	g	7.41	9.44	8.31	2.03	0.07	6.92	15.18	10.33	8.27	0.20	0.80	0.02	*	†	*
Stem mass	g	13.07	22.50	16.72	9.43	0.13	8.61	25.63	18.01	17.02	0.22	0.93	0.13	*
Siliques mass	g	4.40	5.96	5.10	1.56	0.08	3.63	8.33	5.57	4.71	0.19	0.92	0.27	***	**	*
Leaves proportion		0.26	0.31	0.28	0.04	0.04	0.26	0.35	0.30	0.09	0.07	0.94	0.18	***	†	*
Stem proportion		0.52	0.58	0.56	0.06	0.03	0.47	0.58	0.54	0.11	0.05	1.03	0.37	†	†
Siliques proportion		0.14	0.20	0.16	0.05	0.07	0.14	0.19	0.16	0.05	0.09	1.03	0.44	**
Leaves N yield	g	0.27	0.39	0.32	0.11	0.10	0.30	0.75	0.49	0.45	0.23	0.66	0.06	*	†
Stem N yield	g	0.20	0.38	0.26	0.17	0.15	0.20	0.63	0.36	0.43	0.27	0.73	0.29	**	†	*
Siliques N yield	g	0.21	0.30	0.25	0.10	0.08	0.18	0.43	0.28	0.25	0.21	0.90	0.30	***	***	*
Plant N yield	g	0.75	1.02	0.84	0.27	0.10	0.72	1.66	1.13	0.94	0.21	0.74	0.19	**	†
Leaves C yield	g	3.12	4.13	3.54	1.01	0.08	3.00	6.20	4.39	3.20	0.19	0.81	0.05	*	†
Stem C yield	g	5.40	9.67	7.20	4.27	0.13	3.72	10.76	7.50	7.04	0.22	0.96	0.15	*
Siliques C yield	g	2.06	2.83	2.42	0.78	0.08	1.73	3.95	2.67	2.21	0.19	0.91	0.24	***	***
Plant C yield	g	11.23	16.13	13.13	4.90	0.09	8.44	19.86	14.51	11.42	0.19	0.90	0.10		**
Single plant miomass	g	26.22	37.12	30.03	10.90	0.09	19.21	45.64	34.01	26.43	0.19	0.88	0.05		***
No. of plants	n m–2	28.62	39.53	32.70	10.90	0.08	24.99	38.73	29.99	13.73	0.11	1.09	0.18		***
Nup	g m–2	17.47	21.19	19.62	3.72	0.04	15.39	24.42	20.27	9.03	0.11	0.97	–0.19
NutE	g g–1	24.94	29.62	27.44	4.68	0.04	14.49	26.18	19.89	11.69	0.14	1.38	0.02		†

Mean is expressed as the arithmetic mean of all tested genotypes.

^a R ² indicates the Pearson coefficient of correlation between low and high nitrogen fertilization.

CoV, coefficient of variation.

*Significantly different from zero at the 0.5 level of probability; **significantly different from zero at the 0.1 level of probability; ***significantly different from zero at the 0.01 level of probability; †significantly different from zero at the 0.001 level of probability.