Table 1.
Ways that researchers can promote the practice of open science today
| • Within one’s home institution ° Catalyze open science practices through seminars, workshops, hackathons, contests [7]. ° Join groups that advocate evaluation or promotion criteria in support of open science. ° Pursue funding opportunities that require or permit open intellectual property. ° Opt for open methods rather than proprietary, licensed products. ° Strive toward reproducibility. ° Apply liberal licenses to documents and software. ° Store data in free and open access repositories. • Collaborations ° Forge ties across labs to share resources. ° Collaborate with institutions that require open standards. ° Use collaborative software and collaborative software engineering practices. ° Publish a code of conduct for each project to clarify roles and to help resolve disputes. ° Clarify contributor roles at the outset of a project to assign appropriate credit and accountability, especially for open contributions. ° Clarify when contributions to a project can be released. ° Avail oneself of experts in alternative and complementary methods to reduce bias [8], evaluate methods, and corroborate results. ° Participate in interdisciplinary open science and collaboration events. • Publications and presentations ° Preregister research, and openly publish the preregistration. ° Encourage participation of scientists and non-scientists alike. ° Publish and present in venues and in accessible language intended for general audiences, and audiences of different disciplines. ° Publish in open access venues and follow FAIR (findable, accessible, interoperable, reusable) principles. ° Publish in open data and open methods journals. ° Follow community-supported data format and reporting guidelines. ° Insist on publishing experimental protocols and negative results. ° Boycott review or submission for publishers and publications that flout open standards. ° When reviewing others’ work, acknowledge attempts and provide recommendations toward more open science practices. ° Participate in open peer review, especially in languages other than English. ° Include an ethics section to articulate ethical considerations and implications. ° Study and report the costs and benefits of your own open practices. ° Make it clear where people can access open resources that you mention. ° When someone else mentions a resource, ask about access and usage restrictions. ° Include open resources on one’s webpage and CV. • Social media ° Use and contribute to wikis and social Q&A networks. ° Do not engage in ad hominem attacks. ° Do not take others’ comments personally; respond to the science and request guidance toward better open science practices. ° Tactfully ask clarifying questions to help guide a discussion toward a useful resolution. ° Publicly acknowledge contributions to open science projects whenever possible. |