Figure 1.

Experimental preparation of dental slices and ZnO@NP + resin treatment. That window was treated with a demineralizing solution (pH = 4.5, for 72 h with fresh solution every 24 h at 37°C) to produce the artificial caries lesion zone. Demineralizing solution composition: C₃H₆O₃ (0.1 M), CaCl₂ (3 mM), K₂HPO₄ (1.8 mM), carboxymethylcellulose 1%. Aliquots of ZnO@NP suspensions (1 mg/mL in H₂O, saline 2 solution, and resin) large enough to cover the demineralized window were added dropwise and left to absorb for 5 minutes.