Table 2.
Demographic, cultural, and clinical characteristics of the sample.
| Variables | n=31 |
|---|---|
| Age (years), mean ± SD | 68.8 ± 7.6 |
| Gender, n (%) | |
| Male | 14 (45.2) |
| Female | 17 (54.8) |
| Education (years), median (min-max) | 5 (3–7) |
| MoCA, mean ± SD | 19.4 ± 5.4 |
| Hohen and Yahr Scale, n (%) | |
| 1 | 5 (16.1) |
| 2 | 17 (54.8) |
| 3 | 6 (19.4) |
| 4 | 2 (6.5) |
| 5 | 1 (3.2) |
| UPDRS part III, mean (min-max) | 30 (1–65) |
| Duration of disease (years), median (min-max) | 9 (6–12) |
| Severity of dysphagia | |
| SCAS-PD, n (%) | |
| Normal | 7 (22.6) |
| Functional | 5 (22.5) |
| Mild | 6 (19.4) |
| Moderate | 6 (19.4) |
| Severe | 4 (16.1) |
| VFSS, n (%) | |
| Normal | 6 (22.6) |
| Functional | 8 (29.0) |
| Mild | 7 (22.6) |
| Moderate | 6 (22.6) |
| Severe | 1 (3.2) |
MoCA, Montreal Cognitive Assessment; UPDRS, unified Parkinson's disease rating scale; part III, motor examination; SCAS-PD, Swallowing Clinical Assessment Score in Parkinson's disease; VFSS, videofluoroscopy swallowing study.