Table 2.
Multivariable cox models for major adverse cardiac and cerebrovascular events (MACCE) separately for year 1 (all patients) and year 2 (patients MACCE‐free in year 1)
| Year 1 (n = 10 568) | Year 2 (n = 9209) | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Baseline variable | HR | 95% CI | P value | HR | 95% CI | P value |
| Age (per 10 years) | 1.36 | 1.25‐1.49 | <0.001 | 1.28 | 1.15‐1.43 | <0.001 |
| Male sex | 1.32 | 1.07‐1.64 | 0.01 | 1.38 | 1.04‐1.83 | 0.02 |
| Education: No formal | 1 | — | — | 1 | — | — |
| Primary | 0.77 | 0.55‐1.08 | 0.13 | 0.95 | 0.60‐1.51 | 0.84 |
| Secondary | 0.72 | 0.51‐1.01 | 0.06 | 0.67 | 0.41‐1.09 | 0.11 |
| University | 0.72 | 0.47‐1.09 | 0.12 | 0.80 | 0.46‐1.40 | 0.44 |
| Region: Northern Europe | 1 | — | — | 1 | — | — |
| Eastern Europe | 1.87 | 1.47‐2.39 | <0.001 | 1.00 | 0.71‐1.40 | 0.99 |
| Latin America | 1.58 | 1.21‐2.04 | <0.001 | 1.49 | 1.09‐2.05 | 0.01 |
| Southern Europe | 1.17 | 0.90‐1.52 | 0.24 | 1.00 | 0.71‐1.38 | 0.99 |
| Ejection fractiona:<40% | 1.65 | 1.27‐2.13 | <0.001 | 1.34 | 0.92‐1.94 | 0.13 |
| <30% | 2.84 | 2.08‐3.90 | <0.001 | 1.45 | 0.82‐2.54 | 0.20 |
| BMI <20 kg/m2 | 1.71 | 1.02‐2.85 | 0.04 | 1.62 | 0.75‐3.49 | 0.22 |
| No coronary revascularization or thrombolysis | 1.59 | 1.31‐1.93 | <0.001 | 1.30 | 1.01‐1.68 | 0.04 |
| Creatinine (per log unit if ≥1.2 mg/dL)a , b | 2.14 | 1.61‐2.85 | <0.001 | 1.64 | 1.05‐2.56 | 0.03 |
| EQ‐5D: 0 | 1 | — | — | 1 | — | — |
| 1 | 1.11 | 0.86‐1.43 | 0.43 | 0.86 | 0.62‐1.20 | 0.37 |
| ≥2 | 1.41 | 1.14‐1.75 | 0.002 | 1.22 | 0.93‐1.60 | 0.14 |
| Hemoglobina < 11 g/dL | 1.37 | 0.98‐1.92 | 0.06 | 1.55 | 1.00‐2.41 | 0.05 |
| <13 g/dL | 1.26 | 1.01‐1.57 | 0.04 | 1.33 | 0.99‐1.78 | 0.06 |
| ≥13 g/dL | 1 | — | — | 1 | — | — |
| Prior cardiac disease | 1.44 | 1.18‐1.76 | <0.001 | 2.01 | 1.56‐2.59 | <0.001 |
| Previous COPD | 1.54 | 1.18‐2.01 | 0.002 | 1.92 | 1.37‐2.68 | <0.001 |
| Glucose (per 100 mg/dL if ≥140 mg/dL)a , c | 1.20 | 1.06‐1.36 | 0.004 | 1.29 | 1.09‐1.53 | 0.003 |
| On diuretics at discharge | 1.22 | 0.98‐1.51 | 0.07 | 1.39 | 1.05‐1.84 | 0.02 |
| On aldosterone inhibitor at discharge | 1.39 | 1.09‐1.78 | 0.008 | 1.30 | 0.91‐1.88 | 0.15 |
| In‐hospital cardiac complications | 1.28 | 1.05‐1.57 | 0.02 | 1.26 | 0.96‐1.65 | 0.10 |
| Diagnosis of STEMI | 1.02 | 0.83‐1.25 | 0.86 | 0.91 | 0.70‐1.19 | 0.50 |
| Killip class: I | 1 | — | — | 1 | — | — |
| II | 1.32 | 1.02‐1.70 | 0.03 | 0.76 | 0.50‐1.15 | 0.19 |
| III–IV | 1.30 | 0.93‐1.82 | 0.13 | 1.09 | 0.68‐1.74 | 0.72 |
MACCE, defined as death, non‐fatal MI and non‐fatal stroke.
a
At admission.
b
Example, creatinine 2.4 mg/dL, HR is 2.14 compared with creatinine ≤1.2 mg/dL during year 1 follow‐up.
c
Example, glucose 240 mg/dL, HR is 1.2 compared with glucose ≤140 mg/dL during year 1 follow‐up.
Abbreviations: BMI, body mass index; CI, confidence interval; COPD, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; EQ‐5D, EuroQol five‐dimension questionnaire; HR, hazard ratio; MI, myocardial infarction; STEMI, ST‐segment elevation myocardial infarction.