Table 5. Summary of Reported IrAEs Involving Renal System: AKI.
References | Presentation | Number of cases | Age (mean) | Immune checkpoint inhibitors (number of cases) | Doses (mean) | Labs |
Treatments (outcome) | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Urine studies | Biopsy | |||||||
[106-113] | AKI | 16 | 43 - 78 (67) | Pembrolizumab-5, nivolumab-6, ipilimumab-1, nivolumab/ipilimumab-3, pembrolizumab/nivolumab-1 | 2 - 5 (3) | Proteinuria-6, hematuria-3, WBC casts-3, granular casts-2, eosinophils-2, normal-1, N/A-2 | Interstitial nephritis-10, tubular-interstitial injury-3, IgA nephropathy-1, minimal change disease-1, acute post-infectious glomerulonephritis-1 | Steroids, improved AKI-15, hemodialysis-1 |
[111] | Nephrotic syndrome | 1 | 45 | Ipilimumab | 4 | Proteinuria | Minimal change disease | Corticosteroids, proteinuria improved |
AKI: acute kidney injury.