(A) AAV8-hSyn-FLEX-TVA-P2A-eGFP expression was confirmed in caudal ARC Kiss1 neurons prior to rabies viral vector injection. (D-M) Schematic diagrams and images indicating brain regions with mCherry expression (black circles) indicating monosynaptic inputs to caudal ARC Kiss1 neurons. ADP, anterodorsal preoptic nucleus; AHA, anterior hypothalamic area; ARC, arcuate nucleus; AVPV, anteroventral periventricular nucleus; BSTMA, bed nucleus of the stria terminalis, medial division; CARC, caudal arcuate nucleus; D3V, dorsal 3rd ventricle; DLPAG, dorsolateral periaqueductal gray; DRD, dorsal raphe nucleus, dorsal part; DRN, dorsal raphe nucleus; DRV, dorsal raphe nucleus, ventral part; DRVL, dorsal raphe nucleus, ventrolateral part; F, fornix; IF, interfascicular nucleus; IPC, interpeduncular nucleus, caudal subnucleus; IPL, interpeduncular nucleus, lateral subnucleus; IPN, interpeduncular nucleus; IPR, interpeduncular nucleus, rostral subnucleus; LH, lateral hypothalamic area; LPO, lateral preoptic area; LSV, lateral septal nucleus, ventral part; MeA, medial amygdala; MPA, medial preoptic area; MPN, medial preoptic nucleus; MM, medial mammillary nucleus; PAG, periaquaductal grey; Pe, periventricular nucleus; PH, posterior hypothalamic area; PVNap, paraventricular nucleus, anterior parvicellular part; PVNpe, paraventricular nucleus periventricular part; PMV, ventral premammillary nucleus; SCN, suprachiasmatic nucleus; SON, supraoptic nucleus; VMH, ventromedial hypothalamic nucleus; VLPAG, ventrolateral periaqueductal gray; VLPO, ventrolateral preoptic nucleus; VTM, ventral tuberomammillary nucleus; 3V, 3rd ventricle; aq, aquaduct; ac, anterior commissure; fr, fasciculus retroflexus; opt, optic tract. Scale bars: 30 μm (A-C) and 50 μm (D-M).