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. 2019 Mar 27;14(3):e0214113. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0214113

Table 1. Mean cost for modelled scenarios*.

Scenario 1 (base line) Scenario 2 national average yield Scenario 3d (20 log hives) Scenario 4d (20 KTB hives) Scenario 5d (20 Langstroth hives) Scenario 6d (2000 C. calothyrsus trees)
Hypothesised revenue
Honey sales 61 413 726 530 1000 486
Beeswax sales 18 48 84 612 115 56
Propolis 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8
Total benefits (Annual average) 81 461 811 1143 1116 543
Bee colony maintenance and product harvest
Labour for routine inspection @ per man hour 24 92 118 120 120 92
Labour for product harvest processing and packaging 14 68 117 140 159 68
Lighting and batteries 4 10 10 10 10 10
Gumboots pairs 1 1 1 0.6 0.6 0.6
Marketing 8 46 74 98.5 112 46.1
Straining cloth 0 0.4 1 0 2 0.4
Calliandra additional costs
Plant weeding and maintenance 60
Total variable costs (a) 51 217 322 369 402 277
Investment costs
Log beehives 48 47.88 116 48 47.88 48
Kenya top bar hive 256 256.48 256 989 256.48 256
Langstroth 43 43.24 43 43 908.04 43
Smoker 11 11.44 11 11 11.44 11
Bee suits pairs 46 46.21 46 46 46.21 46
Airtight buckets 8 82.71 259 177 200.31 93
Beehive siting
Site clearing 4 4 12 16 16 4
Labour for hanging of beehives 4 4 12 16 16 4
C. calothyrsus costs
Seedling purchase 60
Seedling planting 200
Total fixed costs (b) 421 496 75 1345 1502 766

* Vales (USD) and calculated for a 10-year cash flow. For each suggested intervention, the optimal scenario (highest benefits) was chosen and mean annual cost for each input computed.