Table 1.
Demographics and clinical characteristics for the PD cohort included in the fMRI analysis (n = 17)
| Participant number |
Age | Sex | Years of Education |
Hand | Years since diagnosis |
H&Y | Med | LEDD | GDS | STAI | BIS-11 | MoCA | TMT A (on) |
TMT A (off) |
TMT B (on) |
TMT B (off) |
UPDRS III (on) |
UPDR SIII (off) |
Last dose (on) |
Last dose (off) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | 64 | F | 16 | R | 2 | 2 | Lev | 338.4 | 21 | 47 | 75 | 29 | 29 | 30 | 48 | 80 | 24 | 25 | 2.5 | 13 |
| 2 | 68 | M | 18 | R | 1 | 1.5 | Lev+A | 325.6 | 2 | 55 | 63 | 30 | 20 | 28 | 36 | 27 | 15 | 17 | 2 | 16 |
| 3 | 67 | F | 21 | R | 0.2 | 1.5 | Lev | 451.1 | 9 | 52 | 63 | 29 | 23 | 31 | 44 | 64 | 14 | 20 | 1 | 17 |
| 4 | 58 | M | 13 | R | 5 | 2 | Lev+A | 889.5 | 4 | 52 | 68 | 28 | 33 | 47 | 87 | 99 | 21 | 29 | 0.5 | 17 |
| 5 | 79 | M | 16 | R | 2 | 1.5 | Lev | 563.9 | 12 | 51 | 73 | 24 | 40 | 52 | 100 | 115 | 16 | 25 | 4 | 12 |
| 6 | 51 | M | 14 | L | 1 | 1 | Lev+A | 663.9 | 4 | 53 | 57 | 29 | 20 | 26 | 32 | 36 | 10 | 15 | 3 | 15 |
| 7 | 45 | M | 16 | R | 0.3 | 1 | Lev+A | 212.8 | 0 | 48 | 63 | 28 | 25 | 26 | 68 | 77 | 10 | 16 | 4 | 18 |
| 8 | 69 | M | 12 | L | 1 | 1 | Lev+A | 325.6 | 4 | 53 | 63 | 25 | 22 | 24 | 39 | 45 | 7 | 13 | 2 | 16 |
| 9 | 68 | M | 20 | L | 2 | 1 | Lev+A | 438.4 | 1 | 52 | 61 | 28 | 39 | 51 | 56 | 85 | 7 | 13 | 1 | 26 |
| 10 | 49 | M | 14 | R | 8 | 2 | Lev+A | 325.6 | 8 | 49 | 81 | 28 | 18 | 25 | 31 | 32 | 22 | 29 | 3 | 26 |
| 11 | 49 | F | 13 | R | 0.25 | 1 | Lev | 225.6 | 6 | 54 | 56 | 28 | 16 | 19 | 40 | 39 | 15 | 18 | 2 | 15 |
| 12 | 80 | F | 21 | R | 6 | 1.5 | Lev | 771.4 | 5 | 52 | 64 | 29 | 36 | 49 | 80 | 87 | 14 | 26 | 1 | 14 |
| 13 | 73 | F | 18 | R | 5 | 2 | Lev+A | 401.4 | 5 | 52 | 67 | 25 | 35 | 48 | 63 | 63 | 14 | 27 | 1 | 16 |
| 14 | 65 | M | 18 | R | 6 | 1 | Lev+A | 425.6 | 5 | 52 | 60 | 26 | 29 | 32 | 73 | 134 | 9 | 14 | 2 | 14 |
| 15 | 48 | M | 16 | R | 4 | 2 | Lev+A | 551.1 | 0 | 47 | 43 | 27 | 22 | 23 | 74 | 47 | 15 | 22 | 1.5 | 15 |
| 16 | 52 | M | 14 | R | 4 | 2 | Lev | 789.5 | 5 | 50 | 62 | 25 | 50 | 31 | 49 | 47 | 21 | 25 | 4 | 16 |
| 17 | 54 | F | 18 | R | 1 | 1 | Lev+A | 400.8 | 1 | 52 | 40 | 30 | 23 | 27 | 51 | 41 | 9 | 16 | 0.5 | 15 |
| PD mean (SD) | 61.1 (11.2) | 11 M,6 F | 16.4 (2.8) | 14 R,3 L | 2.9 (2.4) | 1.5 (0.4) | 476.5 (200.0) | 5.4 (5.1) | 51.2 (2.3) | 62.3 (10.1) | 27.5 (1.9) | 28.2 (9.3) | 33.5 (11.1) | 57.1 (20.4) | 65.8 (31.0) | 14.3 (5.3) | 20.6(5.7) | 2.1 (1.2) | 16.5 (3.9) | |
| CTRLmean(SD) | 65.3 (7.7) | 9 M, 9 F | 15.1 (3.0) | 17 R,1 L | 3.6 (3.9) | 51.4 (3.1) | 57.1 (8.2) | 27.9 (1.3) | 28.9 (10.1) | 64.2 (21.1) |
The last 2 rows show average (mean) and standard deviation (SD) in parentheses for this PD group and the matched control group (n = 18).
Key: BIS-11, Behavioral Inhibition Scale-11; CTRL, control; F, female; fMRI, functional magnetic resonance imaging; GDS, Geriatric Depression Scale; Hand, handedness; H&Y, Hoehn & Yahr; L, left; Last dose, time (in hours) since the last dose of medication; LEDD, levodopa-dose equivalency; Lev, carbidopa-levodopa monotherapy; Lev+A = carbidopa-levodopa and Azilect; M, male; Med, medication profile; MoCA, Montreal Cognitive Assessment; PD, Parkinson’s disease; R, right; STAI, State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (trait score only used here); TMT, Trail Making Test.