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. 2019 Mar 21;9:145. doi: 10.3389/fonc.2019.00145

Figure 2.

Figure 2

Integrative unsaturated fatty acid biosynthesis pathway. (A) Gene expression pattern for unsaturated fatty acid biosynthesis pathway. Altered expression of genes involved in unsaturated fatty acid biosynthesis is denoted (increased, red; decreased, green). (B) Up-regulation of SCD in sphere cells. Reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) shows the up-regulation of SCD in sphere-cultured MCF-7 cells. (C) Downregulation of PECR, ELOVL2, ELOVL3, and PTPLB. Sphere-cultured MCF-7 cells showed down-regulated PECR, ELOVL2, ELOVL3, and PTPLB mRNA. (D) Up-regulation of mono-unsaturated fatty acid (MUFA) to saturated fatty acid (SFA) ratios in sphere cells. Sphere-cultured MCF-7 cells showed up-regulated C16:1/C16:0 and C18:1/C18:0 (E) Downregulation of elongation associated product to substrate fatty acid ratios in sphere cells. Sphere-cultured cells showed down-regulated C18:0/C16:0, C20:0/C18:0, C22:0/C20:0, and C22:6n3/C22:5n3. (D,E). Data is presented as the mean ± SEM (n = 5). ****P < 0.0001, determined by Student's two-tailed t-test.