Table 3.
Body fat and fat distribution measures as predictors of IGM/T2D risk at follow-up
| Variables | Odds ratio | 95% CI | p value | Model p value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FM (kg) | ||||
| Baseline fat mass (kg) | 1.01 | 0.97–1.04 | 0.622 | 0.170 |
| Change fat mass (kg) | 0.99 | 0.93–1.04 | 0.605 | |
| Trunk FM (kg) | ||||
| Baseline trunk FM (kg) | 1.95 | 1.43–2.67 | <0.0001 | <0.0001 |
| Change trunk FM (kg) | 1.08 | 0.97–1.21 | 0.162 | |
| Arm FM (kg) | ||||
| Baseline arm FM (kg) | 2.73 | 1.39–5.38 | 0.004 | 0.004 |
| Change arm FM (kg) | 0.98 | 0.64–1.51 | 0.941 | |
| Leg FM (kg) | ||||
| Baseline leg FM (kg) | 0.55 | 0.41–0.73 | <0.0001 | <0.0001 |
| Change leg FM (kg) | 1.02 | 0.86–1.21 | 0.809 | |
| VAT (10 cm2) | ||||
| Baseline VAT (10 cm2) | 1.25 | 1.10–1.42 | <0.0001 | <0.001 |
| Change VAT (10 cm2) | 1.12 | 1.03–1.23 | 0.010 | |
| SAT (10 cm2) | ||||
| Baseline SAT (10 cm2) | 1.02 | 0.96–1.08 | 0.573 | 0.201 |
| Change SAT (10 cm2) | 0.98 | 0.94–1.03 | 0.437 | |
| VAT (10 cm2) and leg FM (kg) | ||||
| Baseline VAT (10 cm2) | 1.14 | 0.98–1.32 | 0.082 | <0.0001 |
| Change VAT (10 cm2) | 1.13 | 1.01–1.27 | 0.037 | |
| Baseline leg FM (kg) | 0.65 | 0.47–0.90 | 0.008 | |
| Change leg FM (kg) | 0.91 | 0.74–1.11 | 0.362 | |
Data are presented as odds ratios, 95% confidence interval (CI), and p values adjusted for age. Each model includes baseline body fat and fat distribution measures, the change in the body fat and fat distribution measures as predictor variables. Outcome variables include two groups categorised as either “0”, the NGT group (i.e., NGT participants, reference group (n = 91)) or “1”, the IGM/T2D group (i.e., IFG/IGT and T2D participants, the exposure group (n = 51)). All the body fat and fat distribution models were adjusted for the potential effects of age at baseline, and regional FM, VAT, and SAT models were also adjusted for baseline body fat mass. FM, fat mass; VAT, visceral adipose tissue area; SAT, subcutaneous adipose tissue area