Table 3.
Between-group differences in medications dispensed and hospitalizations during the 12–24 months after the index date, before and after matching
| Parameter | Prematching | Postmatching | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Category | Continuers | Discontinuers | p value | Continuers | Discontinuers | p value | |
| Insulin dispensed at 21–24 months after index date, n (%) | No | 1240 (46.0) | 266 (30.1) | < 0.001 | 362 (41.0) | 263 (29.8) | < 0.001 |
| Yes | 1455 (54.0) | 619 (69.9) | < 0.001 | 520 (59.0) | 619 (70.2) | < 0.001 | |
| Using ≥3 oral antihyperglycemic agents at 24 months post index date, n (%) | No | 2512 (93.2) | 702 (79.3) | < 0.001 | 827 (93.8) | 700 (79.4) | < 0.001 |
| Yes | 183 (6.8) | 183 (20.7) | < 0.001 | 55 (6.2) | 182 (20.6) | < 0.001 | |
| Number of oral antihyperglycemic medications at 21–24 months post index date, n (%) | 0 | 289 (10.7) | 154 (17.4) | < 0.001 | 98 (11.1) | 153 (17.3) | < 0.001 |
| 1 | 1208 (44.8) | 250 (28.2) | < 0.001 | 414 (46.9) | 249 (28.2) | < 0.001 | |
| 2 | 1015 (37.7) | 298 (33.7) | < 0.001 | 315 (35.7) | 298 (33.8) | < 0.001 | |
| 3 | 165 (6.1) | 155 (17.5) | < 0.001 | 51 (5.8) | 154 (17.5) | < 0.001 | |
| 4 | 18 (0.7) | 28 (3.2) | < 0.001 | 4 (0.5) | 28 (3.2) | < 0.001 | |
| Oral antihyperglycemic medications at 21–24 months post index date, n (%) | Metformin | 2249 (83.5) | 683 (77.2) | < 0.001 | 732 (83.0) | 681 (77.2) | 0.002 |
| SU | 724 (26.9) | 201 (22.7) | 0.014 | 205 (23.2) | 200 (22.7) | 0.777 | |
| DPP-4i | 131 (4.9) | 335 (37.9) | < 0.001 | 44 (5.0) | 334 (37.9) | < 0.001 | |
| TZDs | 120 (4.5) | 31 (3.5) | 0.223 | 40 (4.5) | 31 (3.5) | 0.276 | |
| SGLT-2 | 182 (6.8) | 52 (5.9) | 0.359 | 65 (7.4) | 52 (5.9) | 0.214 | |
| Hospitalization during 12–24 months post index date, n (%) | No | 2212 (82.1) | 684 (77.3) | 0.002 | 718 (81.4) | 681 (77.2) | 0.034 |
| Yes | 483 (17.9) | 201 (22.7) | 0.002 | 164 (18.6) | 201 (22.8) | 0.034 | |
| Diabetes-related hospitalization during 12–24 months post index date, n (%) | No | 2542 (94.3) | 809 (91.4) | 0.003 | 825 (93.5) | 806 (91.4) | 0.104 |
| Yes | 153 (5.7) | 76 (8.6) | 0.003 | 57 (6.5) | 76 (8.6) | 0.104 | |
DPP-4i dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitors, SGLT-2 sodium-glucose cotransporter-2, SU sulfonylurea, TZD thiazolidinediones
p value was calculated using the χ2 test for three categories, and by the Wilcoxon rank-sum test for more