Table 2.
Typhoid and paratyphoid fevers and age-standardised incidence rates by GBD region, for 1990 and 2017, and the percentage change in age-standardised incidence rates between 1990 and 2017
|
1990 |
2017 |
Percentage change | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Cases (thousands) | Incidence (per 100 000) | Cases (thousands) | Incidence (per 100 000) | |||
| Global | 25 875 (22 073 to 29 915) | 439·2 (376·7 to 507·7) | 14 321 (12 540 to 16 337) | 197·8 (172·0 to 226·2) | −54·9% (−56·5 to −53·4) | |
| Central Europe, eastern Europe, and central Asia | ||||||
| Central Asia | 0·1 (0·1 to 0·1) | 0·2 (0·1 to 0·2) | 0·1 (0·1 to 0·1) | 0·1 (0·1 to 0·1) | −27·8% (−35·2 to −21·2) | |
| Central Europe | 1·7 (1·3 to 2·2) | 1·2 (1·0 to 1·5) | 1·2 (0·9 to 1·5) | 0·7 (0·6 to 0·9) | −41·2% (−46·1 to −35·8) | |
| Eastern Europe | 1·2 (0·9 to 1·5) | 0·5 (0·4 to 0·6) | 1·1 (0·9 to 1·5) | 0·4 (0·3 to 0·5) | −9·3% (−17·4 to −0·9) | |
| High income | ||||||
| Australasia | 0·0 (0·0 to 0·0) | 0·2 (0·1 to 0·2) | 0·0 (0·0 to 0·1) | 0·2 (0·1 to 0·2) | −4·7% (−16·2 to 7·6) | |
| High-income Asia Pacific | 0·9 (0·7 to 1·1) | 0·5 (0·4 to 0·6) | 0·7 (0·6 to 0·9) | 0·3 (0·2 to 0·3) | −45·4% (−52·1 to −37·9) | |
| High-income North America | 4·8 (4·1 to 5·6) | 1·6 (1·3 to 1·8) | 4·1 (3·2 to 5·3) | 0·9 (0·7 to 1·2) | −41·8% (−48·4 to −34·7) | |
| Southern Latin America | 1·6 (1·3 to 1·9) | 3·2 (2·7 to 3·8) | 0·5 (0·4 to 0·6) | 0·7 (0·5 to 0·9) | −79·2% (−82·8 to −75·1) | |
| Western Europe | 1·8 (1·4 to 2·2) | 0·4 (0·3 to 0·5) | 1·3 (1·0 to 1·6) | 0·3 (0·2 to 0·4) | −28·8% (−35·2 to −21·4) | |
| Latin America and Caribbean | ||||||
| Andean Latin America | 0·7 (0·6 to 1·0) | 2·4 (1·8 to 3·1) | 0·9 (0·7 to 1·1) | 1·5 (1·2 to 2·0) | −35·4% (−40·9 to −29·6) | |
| Caribbean | 3·0 (2·5 to 3·5) | 8·0 (6·7 to 9·5) | 2·5 (2·1 to 3·0) | 5·7 (4·7 to 6·7) | −29·3% (−32·4 to −26·1) | |
| Central Latin America | 29·7 (24·9 to 35·7) | 23·1 (19·2 to 29·0) | 20·0 (16·6 to 24·6) | 8·2 (6·9 to 10·2) | −64·3% (−67·5 to −60·5) | |
| Tropical Latin America | 3·8 (2·9 to 5·1) | 2·8 (2·2 to 3·6) | 4·3 (3·3 to 5·5) | 1·9 (1·5 to 2·4) | −33·2% (−38·2 to −29·4) | |
| North Africa and Middle East | 531·0 (453·5 to 615·1) | 132·1 (115·2 to 150·6) | 246·6 (210·8 to 286·3) | 39·3 (33·7 to 45·6) | −70·2% (−71·1 to −69·3) | |
| South Asia | 19 991 (16 982 to 23 298) | 1506·8 (1308·4 to 1729·6) | 10 286 (9002 to 11 738) | 549·2 (480·7 to 625·4) | −63·5% (−64·9 to −62·3) | |
| Southeast Asia, east Asia, and Oceania | ||||||
| East Asia | 728·4 (652·9 to 819·4) | 55·6 (49·9 to 62·9) | 586·6 (553·8 to 624·0) | 51·0 (47·3 to 55·1) | −8·3% (−16·9 to −3·6) | |
| Oceania | 29·3 (24·2 to 35·3) | 381·3 (322·8 to 448·3) | 20·5 (17·0 to 24·7) | 144·3 (121·5 to 170·4) | −62·2% (−63·6 to −60·7) | |
| Southeast Asia | 3028·8 (2606·1 to 3492·8) | 562·0 (492·1 to 643·8) | 1414·4 (1247·9 to 1592·9) | 219·8 (192·9 to 249·1) | −60·9% (−61·7 to −59·9) | |
| Sub-Saharan Africa | ||||||
| Central sub-Saharan Africa | 86·3 (69·9 to 105·8) | 127·2 (108·0 to 150·8) | 122·4 (100·2 to 149·1) | 81·4 (68·8 to 95·8) | −36·0% (−38·0 to −33·7) | |
| Eastern sub-Saharan Africa | 584·6 (489·0 to 703·5) | 243·8 (210·6 to 283·6) | 739·5 (627·6 to 869·7) | 151·9 (132·0 to 174·6) | −37·7% (−38·9 to −36·5) | |
| Southern sub-Saharan Africa | 2·2 (1·9 to 2·5) | 3·5 (3·1 to 4·0) | 1·9 (1·7 to 2·1) | 2·3 (2·0 to 2·6) | −33·9% (−35·6 to −32·3) | |
| Western sub-Saharan Africa | 843·4 (690·2 to 1027·5) | 354·6 (301·7 to 418·3) | 866·1 (719·7 to 1039·6) | 161·1 (138·1 to 187·3) | −54·5% (−55·9 to −53·2) | |
95% uncertainty intervals are included in parentheses. GBD regions are detailed in the appendix. GBD=Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study.