Table 3.

Common Somatic Mutations in PDTC Calculated Based on Combined Data from Four NGS Studies^a

Mutations	% of tumors	Mutations	% of tumors
RAS-RAF-MAPK pathway		TERT promoter mutation	40
BRAFV600E	27	Tumor suppressors
RAS	24	TP53	16
NRAS	17	ATM	8
KRAS	3	RB1	2
HRAS	4	CHEK2	2
PI3K-AKT-mTOR pathway		MEN1	1
PTEN	4	Other mutations
PIK3CA	3	EIF1AX	11
AKT1	2	ABL1	4
AKT3	1	GNAS	3
STAT pathway		HNF1A	3
JAK3	3	RECQL4	3
RAS + PI3K pathway		IDH1	2
EGFR	4	STK11	2
PDGFRA	2	TSHR	2
RAS + PI3K + STAT pathway		Histone methyltransferases	7
FLT3	4	SWI/SNF complex	5
MET	2	MMR genes	2
ALK	1	RBM10*	12
Wnt pathway		MED12*	15
APC	4
CDH1	3
CTNNB1	1

^aReferences (46–49).

^*Novel alterations in fatal PDTC (% of fatal PDTC).

NGS, next-generation sequencing.