Table 2.

Outcome measurements during the entire study.

Outcome Measure	CM(n=69)	SM(n=69)	Mean Difference	P Value
			(95% CI)
Baseline
WOMAC subscale score
Pain	7.4(3.4)	7.6(2.9)	-0.2(-1.3 to1)	0.81
Stiffness	1.6(1.6)	1.6(1.6)	0(-0.6 to 0.6)	0.98
Function	25.2(11.8)	22.9(12.7)	2.3(-2.0 to 6.7)	0.29
VAS score	4.1(1.4)	4.0(1.4)	0.1(-0.4 to 0.6)	0.62
2 week
WOMAC subscale score
Pain	5.8(3.7)	6.2(3.1)	-0.4(-1.6 to 0.8)	0.53
Stiffness	1.2(1.5)	1.3(1.4)	-0.1(-0.5 to 0.5)	0.94
Function	18.9(11.3)	18.0(11.1)	0.9(-3.0 to 5.0)	0.63
VAS score	3.0(1.4)	3.1(1.5)	-0.1(-0.6 to 0.4 )	0.61
4 week
WOMAC subscale score
Pain	4.1(3.0)	4.2(2.9)	-0.1(-1.2 to 0.9)	0.76
Stiffness	0.7(1.2)	0.8(1.1)	-0.1(-0.5 to 0.3 )	0.71
Function	15.1(10.8)	12.9(9.2)	2.2(-1.3 to 5.8)	0.22
VAS score	2.2(1.3)	2.1(1.3)	0.1(-0.3 to 0.6)	0.60
8 week
WOMAC subscale score
Pain	4.1(3.1)	4.2(3.0)	-0.1(-1.2 to 0.1)	0.81
Stiffness	0.7(1.2)	0.6(1.0)	0.1(-0.3 to 0.4)	0.79
Function	15.1(10.8)	12.7(8.9)	2.4(-1.1 to 5.9)	0.18
VAS score	2.2(1.2)	2.1(1.2)	0.1(-0.3 to 0.6)	0.62
12 week
WOMAC subscale score
Pain	4.1(3.2)	4.0(2.8)	0.1(-1.0 to 1.2)	0.86
Stiffness	0.7(1.3)	0.6(1.0)	0.1(-0.3 to 0.5)	0.73
Function	15.6(10.6)	12.4(9.3)	3.2(-0.2 to 6.9)	0.06
VAS score	2.1(1.2)	2.1(1.2)	0(-0.4 to 0.5)	0.83

Abbreviations: SM, Smoke-Free Moxibustion; CM, Conventional Moxibustion; WOMAC, Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index; VAS, Visual Analog Scale.

CM and SM group data are expressed as mean (SD) unless stated otherwise.