Table 1.

Priorities under 2017 National Action Plan on Antimicrobial Resistance and relevant research gaps

Strategic priority (in 2017 plan)	Knowledge and research gaps
Improve awareness and understanding of AMR through effective education and training	KAP studies among medical professionals, general public, pharmaceutical industry etc.Effective educational strategies across sections and training levels
Strengthen knowledge and evidence through surveillance	Appropriate sampling procedures for surveillance - where, who, and how many labsoratories/samples.Understanding impact of environmental residues of antibiotics
Reduce the incidence of infection through effective infection prevention and control	Effective strategies and interventions in the Indian context Current knowledge and practices in the community and health-care settings Current of hand hygiene practices in community and health-care settings
Optimize the use of antimicrobials in health, animals and food	Effective regulatory mechanisms for the market Incentives for chemists and unauthorized dispensers Appropriate versus inappropriate antibiotic use unrelated to physician prescriptions Effective antibiotic stewardship in India Knowledge and awareness among general public
Promote investments for AMR activities, research and innovations	Cost-effectiveness of interventions Implementation strategy for roll-out of newer antibiotics
Strengthen India’s commitment and collaborations on AMR at international, national and subnational levels	Comprehensive stakeholder analysis Integration of parallel drug resistance containment efforts Needs assessment at subnational and local level

Source: Original. AMR: Antimicrobial resistance, KAP: Knowledge, attitude and practice