Table 2.
Percentage feeding and cumulative mortality rates (mean ± standard error) of Ae. aegypti and Ae. albopictus with single feeding of ivermectin and spinosad
| Species/toxicant | Concentration (ppm) | Fed females (%) | Percentage mortality (%) | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 24 h | 48 h | 72 h | ||||||
| Male | Female | Male | Female | Male | Female | |||
| Ae. albopictus | ||||||||
| Ivermectin | 0 (Control) | 98.0 ± 1.23 (n = 735) |
0.7 ± 0.54 (n = 5) | 1.4 ± 0.98 (n = 10) |
2.0 ± 1.50 (n = 15) |
5.4 ± 1.89 (n = 40) |
3.3 ± 1.38 (n = 25) |
7.5 ± 2.35 (n = 55) |
| 2 | 98.7 ± 1.46 (n = 740) |
0.7 ± 0.40 (n = 5) |
11.5 ± 9.35 (n = 85) |
2.0 ± 1.50 (n = 15) |
35 ± 5.36 (n = 259) |
4.0 ± 2.32 (n = 30) |
49.3 ± 11.25 (n = 364) |
|
| 4 | 100.0 ± 0.2 (n = 750) |
0 ± 0 (n = 0) |
36.0 ± 12.35 (n = 270) |
1.3 ± 0.87 (n = 10) |
65.3 ± 10.32 (n = 490) |
5.3 ± 1.52 (n = 40) |
89.3 ± 9.23 (n = 670) |
|
| 6 | 98.7 ± 0.98 (n = 740) |
0.7 ± 0.54 (n = 8) | 41.2 ± 8.36 (n = 305) |
2.7 ± 2.54 (n = 20) |
87.2 ± 13.26 (n = 645) |
4.0 ± 1.35 (n = 30) |
95.9 ± 2.54 (n = 709) |
|
| 8 | 94.5 ± 1.54 (n = 709) |
1.3 ± 0.87 (n = 10) |
63.9 ± 8.52 (n = 453) |
3.3 ± 1.23 (n = 25) |
100.0 ± 2.50 (n = 709) |
4.7 ± 1.87 (n = 35) |
100.0 ± 0.00 (n = 709) |
|
| 10 | 64.7 ± 1.78 (n = 484) |
1.3 ± 0.87 (n = 10) |
91.8 ± 7.56 (n = 444) |
3.3 ± 1.23 (n = 25) |
100.0 ± 1.40 (n = 484) |
5.7 ± 2.35 (n = 43) |
100.0 ± 0.00 (n = 484) |
|
| Spinosad | 0 (Control) | 98.0 ± 0.87 (n = 735) |
0.7 ± 0.54 (n = 5) |
1.4 ± 0.84 (n = 10) |
2.0 ± 1.23 (n = 15) |
5.4 ± 1.57 (n = 40) |
3.3 ± 1.85 (n = 25) |
7.5 ± 2.31 (n = 55) |
| 2 | 97.3 ± 1.45 (n = 730) |
2.0 ± 0.4 (n = 15) |
7.5 ± 0.55 (n = 55) |
1.3 ± 0.87 (n = 10) |
43.2 ± 10.23 (n = 315) |
2.7 ± 0.98 (n = 20) |
66.4 ± 5.36 (n = 64) |
|
| 4 | 98.7 ± 1.95 (n = 740) |
2.0 ± 1.50 (n = 15) |
15.5 ± 2.68 (n = 113) |
2.0 ± 1.50 (n = 15) |
59.5 ± 12.32 (n = 440) |
5.3 ± 1.98 (n = 40) |
84.5 ± 6.37 (n = 634) |
|
| 6 | 97.3 ± 0.79 (n = 730) |
3.0 ± 20 (n = 22) |
41.8 ± 5.62 (n = 305) |
2.7 ± 0.85 (n = 20) |
76.7 ± 15.36 (n = 560) |
3.3 ± 1.28 (n = 25) |
95.2 ± 5.21 (n = 695) |
|
| 8 | 98.0 ± 1.54 (n = 735) |
0.7 ± 0.54 (n = 5) |
53.7 ± 10.68 (n = 395) |
1.3 ± 0.87 (n = 10) |
86.4 ± 13.25 (n = 635) |
2.7 ± 0.97 (n = 20) |
100.0 ± 0.00 (n = 735) |
|
| 10 | 79.4 ± 1.23 (n = 595) |
2.0 ± 1.50 (n = 15) |
85.5 ± 9.34 (n = 642) |
3.3 ± 0.98 (n = 25) |
100.0 ± 1.00 (n = 595) |
4.0 ± 2.54 (n = 30) |
100.0 ± 0.00 (n = 595) |
|
| Ae. aegypti | ||||||||
| Ivermectin | 0 (Control) | 100.0 ± 0.4 (n = 750) |
1.3 ± 0.87 (n = 10) |
2.0 ± 0.76 (n = 15) |
1.3 ± 0.87 (n = 10) |
4.7 ± 1.58 (n = 35) |
3.3 ± 1.26 (n = 25) |
6.0 ± 2.32 (n = 45) |
| 2 | 100.0 ± 0.25 (n = 750) |
0.7 ± 0.54 (n = 5) |
14.0 ± 5.68 (n = 105) |
2.0 ± 0.95 (n = 15) |
42.0 ± 5.36 (n = 315) |
4.0 ± 1.28 (n = 30) |
59.3 ± 5.36 (n = 445) |
|
| 4 | 98.0 ± 1.45 (n = 735) |
0.7 ± 0.54 (n = 5) |
23.1 ± 6.95 (n = 170) |
1.3 ± 0.83 (n = 10) |
65.3 ± 9.35 (n = 480) |
5.3 ± 2.35 (n = 40) |
91.8 ± 6.34 (n = 674) |
|
| 6 | 100.0 ± 0.8 (n = 750) |
0.7 ± 0.54 (n = 5) |
30.0 ± 7.36 (n = 225) |
2.0 ± 0.85 (n = 15) |
88.0 ± 12.35 (n = 660) |
4.0 ± 1.78 (n = 30) |
98.0 ± 2.34 (n = 735) |
|
| 8 | 91.7 ± 11.27 (n = 686) |
0.7 ± 0.54 (n = 5) |
66.2 ± 5.62 (n = 454) |
1.3 ± 0.95 (n = 10) |
100.0 ± 2.40 (n = 686) |
4.7 ± 1.24 (n = 35) |
100.0 ± 0.00 (n = 686) |
|
| 10 | 50.7 ± 9.31 (n = 380) |
1.3 ± 0.87 (n = 10) |
100.0 ± 1.5 (n = 380) |
3.3 ± 0.97 (n = 25) |
100.0 ± 2.00 (n = 380) |
6.0 ± 2.35 (n = 45) |
100.0 ± 0.00 (n = 380) |
|
| Spinosad | 0 (Control) | 99.3 ± 1.34 (n = 745) |
1.3 ± 0.87 (n = 10) |
4.2 ± 2.32 (n = 31) |
1.3 ± 1.23 (n = 10) |
4.8 ± 1.26 (n = 36) |
3.3 ± 1.58 (n = 25) |
6.0 ± 1.68 (n = 48) |
| 2 | 97.4 ± 0.66 (n = 730) |
0.7 ± 0.54 (n = 5) |
15.9 ± 2.67 (n = 120) |
1.3 ± 1.23 (n = 10) |
44.9 ± 9.35 (n = 328) |
4.0 ± 2.31 (n = 30) |
57.2 ± 9.35 (n = 418) |
|
| 4 | 98.0 ± 1.23 (n = 735) |
0.7 ± 0.54 (n = 5) |
24.6 ± 5.36 (n = 181) |
1.3 ± 0.97 (n = 10) |
62.1 ± 5.39 (n = 456) |
6.2 ± 1.20 (n = 47) |
92.3 ± 5.31 (n = 678) |
|
| 6 | 97.9 ± 1.08 (n = 734) |
0 ± 0 (n = 0) |
26.8 ± 3.68 (n = 198) |
2.0 ± 0.97 (n = 15) |
77.4 ± 8.36 (n = 76) |
4.0 ± 2.35 (n = 30) |
94.1 ± 8.64 (n = 691) |
|
| 8 | 97.3 ± 2.34 (n = 729) |
0.7 ± 0.54 (n = 5) |
74.2 ± 5.68 (n = 541) |
1.3 ± 1.28 (n = 10) |
100.0 ± 1.0 (n = 729) |
5.3 ± 3.21 (n = 40) |
100.0 ± 0.00 (n = 729) |
|
| 10 | 54.3 ± 8.35 (n = 407) |
1.3 ± 0.87 (n = 10) |
100.0 ± 1.20 (n = 407) |
3.3 ± 1.23 (n = 25) |
100.0 ± 0.6 (n = 407) |
6.0 ± 1.54 (n = 45) |
100.0 ± 0.00 (n = 407) |
|
Note: Values are mean ± SE, with the number of pupae in parenthesis. A sample size of 1500 mosquitoes from both species were tested for two toxicants, separately at each concentration. The percentage mortality of females was calculated based on the number of blood-fed females at each concentration