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SM decreases the expression of IL-1β, TNF-α, CRP, ATX, and LPA in the sera of CIA rats. Serum levels of IL-1β, TNF-α, CRP, OPG, ATX, and LPA were measured by ELISA. All experiments were performed in triplicate. Values are the mean ± SEM (n = 6). #P< 0.05, ##P< 0.01 compared with the control group. ∗P< 0.05, ∗∗P< 0.01 compared with the CIA group.
