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. 2019 Mar 18;54(5):1625–1638. doi: 10.3892/ijo.2019.4753

Figure 6.

Figure 6

Activation of theAMPK-ULK1 pathway is critical for autophagy induced by norepinephrine. (A) Expression levels of AMPK-ULK1 pathway proteins were detected by western blotting. (B) SGC-7901 and BGC-823 cells were treated with norepinephrine with or without H89 2HCl (50 nM), and the expression levels of AMPK-ULK1 pathway proteins were detected with western blotting. (C) Representative images of the expression of ADRB2 and SQSTM1 in the gastric cancer tissue microarray (magnification, ×100). (D) Correlation between the expression of ADRB2 and SQSTM1 was examined by Spearman's correlation test. (E) Survival analysis of patients with gastric cancer with high ADRB2 expression and low ADRB2 expression. (F) Schematic representation of the proposed mechanism. Data represent the results from three independent experiments. ADRB2, β2-adrenergic receptor; shRNA, short hairpin RNA; NC, negative control AMPK, adenosine 5′-monophosphate (AMP)-activated protein kinase; CREB, cAMP-response element binding protein; p, phosphorylated; SQSTM1, sequestosome-1; ULK1, unc-51 like autophagy activating kinase 1; PKA, protein kinase A; NE, norepinephrine.