Inhibition of EGFR signaling in bladder cancer cells by lapatinib in a co-culture system abrogates co-culture induced cancer cell malignancy and proliferation. (A) Western blot analysis indicates that downstream EGFR signaling was inhibited by co-culture treatment with lapatinib. (B and C) Transwell migration assays indicated that co-culture induced malignancy of T24/253J is attenuated in the presence of lapatinib (magnification, ×200). (D and E) Colony formation assay indicated that the co-culture induced enhanced proliferation of T24/253J is ameliorated in the absence of EGFR signaling (magnification, ×200). (F and G) MTT assay determination of bladder cancer T24/253J cell proliferation following co-culture treatment with lapatinib. (H) Western blot analysis indicates that in co-culture system the proteins MMP2, MMP9, ZEB-1, survivin and N-cadherin were downregulated by inhibited EGFR signaling. ***P<0.001 vs. co-culture and co+0.5%DMSO. EGFR, epidermal growth factor receptor; co+0.5%DMSO, co-culture + 0.5% dimethyl sulfoxide; MMP, matrix metalloprotein; ZEB, zinc finger E-box-binding homeobox; co+lap, co-culture + lapatinib; OD, optical density; p, phosphorylated; t, total; AKT, protein kinase B; NF, nuclear factor.