Table 2.
Selected Demographic Characteristics of Offspring With and Without Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (n = 8,856), Nurses’ Health Study II, 1993–2005
| Characteristic | ADHD Diagnosis | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Yes (n = 721) | No (n = 8,135) | |||
| No. of Children | % | No. of Children | % | |
| Maternal age at child’s birth, years | ||||
| <30 | 21 | 2.9 | 214 | 2.6 |
| 30–34 | 268 | 37.2 | 3,052 | 37.5 |
| 35–40 | 324 | 44.9 | 3,587 | 44.1 |
| >40 | 108 | 15.0 | 1,282 | 15.8 |
| Child’s birth order | ||||
| 1 | 209 | 29.0 | 1,967 | 24.2 |
| 2 | 289 | 40.1 | 3,096 | 38.1 |
| 3 | 170 | 23.6 | 2,026 | 24.9 |
| ≥4 | 53 | 7.4 | 1,046 | 12.9 |
| Pregnancy complications | ||||
| Gestational diabetes | 42 | 5.8 | 421 | 5.2 |
| Preeclampsia | 27 | 3.7 | 236 | 2.9 |
| Maternal medication use at time of pregnancy | ||||
| Aspirin | 24 | 3.3 | 216 | 2.7 |
| Other NSAIDs | 83 | 11.5 | 780 | 9.6 |
| Maternal diagnosis of chronic illness | ||||
| Rheumatoid arthritis | 16 | 2.2 | 143 | 1.8 |
| Depression | 201 | 27.9 | 1,326 | 16.3 |
| Migraine | 145 | 20.1 | 1,258 | 15.5 |
| Maternal lifestyle during pregnancya | ||||
| Cigarette smoking | 23 | 4.3 | 290 | 4.8 |
| Alcohol drinking | 41 | 7.7 | 401 | 6.6 |
| Annual household incomea | ||||
| <$50,000 | 63 | 11.1 | 803 | 13.2 |
| $50,000–$100,000 | 133 | 23.3 | 1,482 | 24.4 |
| >$100,000 | 374 | 65.6 | 3,797 | 62.4 |
Abbreviations: ADHD, attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder; NSAIDs, nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs.
a Information on these factors was available for approximately 75% of the participants.