Table 1.

Descriptive statistics in overall sample and by gender.

	All		Males		Females
	n	%	n	%	n	%
Gender
Female	317	53.28	–	–	–	–
Male	278	46.72	–	–	–	–
SES parents married (wave 1)*
No	436	74.15	186	68.13	250	79.37
Yes	152	25.85	87	31.87	65	20.63
SES parental employment—two parents working (wave 1)
No	295	51.94	133	49.44	162	54.18
Yes	273	48.06	136	50.56	137	45.82
Substance use by parents (wave 1)
No	487	82.54	233	85.04	254	80.38
Yes	103	17.46	41	14.96	62	19.62
Substance use by friends (wave 1)
No	173	29.98	74	27.51	99	32.14
Yes	404	70.02	195	72.49	209	67.86
MU (wave 2)
No	268	47.52	131	49.81	137	45.51
Yes	296	52.48	132	50.19	164	54.49
	Mean	SD	Mean	SD	Mean	SD
Age (Year) (Wave 1)	14.84	0.65	14.90	0.66	14.80	0.63
PRD (Wave 5)*	0.79	0.85	0.85	0.84	0.75	0.85
MU Average (Waves 6–12)*	3.96	3.38	4.76	3.82	3.25	2.76

Source: FAS, flint adolescent study (1994–2012); PRD, perceived racial discrimination; SES, socioeconomic status; MU, marijuana use;

^*p < 0.05 for comparison of males and females.