Table 2.
Frequency of neuropsychiatric symptoms across cognitive/amyloid status groups
| CU/A− (n = 997) | CU/A+ (n = 446) | MCI/A− (n = 78) | MCI/A+ (n = 106) | Total (n = 1627) |
p | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Non-psychotic NPS | ||||||
| Agitation | 15 (1.5) | 12 (2.7) | 5 (6.4) | 11 (10.4) | 43 (2.6) | < 0.001 d |
| Depression/dysphoria | 100 (10.0) | 51 (11.4) | 10 (12.8) | 31 (29.2) | 192 (11.8) | < 0.001 e |
| Anxiety | 42 (4.2) | 28 (6.3) | 9 (11.5) | 21 (19.8) | 100 (6.1) | < 0.001 e |
| Apathy | 32 (3.2) | 26 (5.8) | 7 (9.0) | 24 (22.6) | 89 (5.5) | < 0.001 e |
| Irritability | 68 (6.8) | 40 (9.0) | 16 (20.5) | 25 (23.6) | 149 (9.2) | < 0.001 e |
| Motor behavior | 8 (0.8) | 3 (0.7) | 3 (3.8) | 5 (4.7) | 19 (1.2) | 0.002 d |
| Nighttime behaviora | 40 (4.5) | 32 (7.9) | 5 (7.0) | 17 (19.5) | 94 (6.4) | < 0.001 e |
| Appetite/eating change | 31 (3.1) | 14 (3.1) | 3 (3.8) | 16 (15.1) | 64 (3.9) | < 0.001 d |
| Psychotic NPS | ||||||
| Delusions | 1 (0.1) | 1 (0.2) | 2 (2.6) | 3 (2.8) | 7 (0.4) | < 0.001 d |
| Hallucinations | 0 (0.0) | 2 (0.4) | 0 (0.0) | 2 (1.9) | 4 (0.2) | 0.008 d |
| Euphoria | 4 (0.4) | 3 (0.7) | 0 (0.0) | 1 (0.9) | 8 (0.5) | 0.591d |
| Disinhibition | 10 (1.0) | 2 (0.4) | 3 (3.8) | 7 (6.6) | 22 (1.4) | < 0.001 d |
| Number of NPS (0–12) | < 0.001 f | |||||
| Mean (SD) | 0.4 (0.9) | 0.5 (1.0) | 0.8 (1.5) | 1.5 (1.9) | 0.5 (1.1) | |
| Median (IQR) | 0.0 (0.0, 0.0) | 0.0 (0.0, 0.0) | 0.0 (0.0, 1.0) | 1.0 (0.0, 3.0) | 0.0 (0.0, 0.0) | |
| Any NPS | 199 (20.0) | 111 (24.9) | 27 (34.6) | 63 (59.4) | 400 (24.6) | < 0.001 e |
| Any non-psychotic NPS | 199 (20.0) | 111 (24.9) | 27 (34.6) | 63 (59.4) | 400 (24.6) | < 0.001 e |
| Any psychotic NPS | 12 (1.2) | 8 (1.8) | 3 (3.8) | 10 (9.4) | 33 (2.0) | < 0.001 d |
| BDI-II totalb | < 0.001 f | |||||
| Mean (SD) | 4.1 (4.7) | 4.6 (4.4) | 4.9 (5.0) | 7.5 (6.5) | 4.5 (4.8) | |
| Median (IQR) | 3.0 (1.0, 6.0) | 4.0 (1.0, 7.0) | 3.0 (1.0, 8.0) | 7.0 (2.0, 9.0) | 3.0 (1.0, 7.0) | |
| BDI-II ≥ 13b | 54 (5.4) | 28 (6.3) | 8 (10.3) | 17 (16.0) | 107 (6.6) | < 0.001 e |
| BAI total (0–63)c | < 0.001 f | |||||
| Mean (SD) | 2.4 (3.7) | 2.8 (4.3) | 3.9 (5.2) | 4.7 (5.5) | 2.7 (4.1) | |
| Median (IQR) | 1.0 (0.0, 3.0) | 1.0 (0.0, 4.0) | 2.0 (0.0, 6.0) | 3.0 (1.0, 7.0) | 1.0 (0.0, 4.0) | |
| BAI ≥ 8c | 86 (8.6) | 46 (10.3) | 15 (19.2) | 23 (21.7) | 170 (10.5) | < 0.001 e |
| BAI ≥ 10c | 51 (5.1) | 31 (7.0) | 8 (10.3) | 14 (13.2) | 104 (6.4) | 0.004 e |
Data presented are N (%) unless otherwise noted. Significant p values appear bold
CU cognitively unimpaired, MCI mild cognitive impairment, A− normal PiB-PET, A+ abnormal PiB-PET, SD standard deviation, IQR interquartile range, BDI-II Beck Depression Inventory II, BAI Beck Anxiety Inventory
aInformation missing for 168 participants
bInformation missing for 5 participants
cInformation missing for 3 participants
dFisher’s Exact test
eChi-Square test
fKruskal–Wallis test