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Influence of the particle concentration on array height and homogeneity. (a–d) AFM height images of representative arrays prepared with identical initial EtOH concentration, timing of substrate application, and surfactant concentration. Particle concentrations were varied within the range [Au0] = 50–500 mM. From (a) to (c), the height of the separated AuNR posts gradually increased, until a film of connected posts was obtained at the highest concentration (d).
