Table 1. Demographic and Clinical Characteristics of 515 Patients16,17.
| Characteristics | Data |
|---|---|
| Age, mean (SD), y | 60.1 (12.8) |
| Female, No. (%) | 174 (33.8) |
| Preoperative RT/CCRT, No. (%) | 145 (28.2) |
| Preoperative medical/anesthesia evaluation, No. (%) | 455 (88.3) |
| CCI (age-adjusted), mean (SD)a | 5.0 (2.3) |
| Smoking history, No. (%) | |
| Never | 113 (21.9) |
| Past | 200 (38.8) |
| Current | 202 (39.2) |
| Alcohol use disorder at time of operation, No. (%) | 194 (37.7) |
| Pathologic finding | |
| T1-T2 mucosal SCC, No. (%) | 110 (21.4) |
| T3-T4 mucosal SCC, No. (%) | 275 (53.4) |
| Other | 130 (25.2) |
| Recurrent tumor | 170 (33.0) |
| Defect subsite | |
| Oral cavity (including maxillary defects) | 338 (65.6) |
| Larynx, hypopharynx, or oropharynx | 101 (19.6) |
| Other (skin, parotid, skull base, neck) | 76 (14.8) |
| Bone-containing flap | 170 (33.0) |
| Intraoperative factors | |
| Ischemia time, mean (SD), minb | 139.1 (39.9) |
| Operative time, mean (SD), min | 544.5 (130.2) |
| Operative time ≤8 h, No. (%) | 173 (33.6) |
| Estimated blood loss, mean (SD), mL | 457.5 (394.0) |
| Estimated blood loss ≤500 mL, No. (%) | 380 (73.8) |
| Crystalloid transfusion, mean (SD), mL | 5508.4 (1962.8) |
| Colloid transfusion, mean (SD), mL | 485.1 (543.7) |
| Blood transfusion (intraoperative or PACU), No. (%) | 160 (31.1) |
| Fresh frozen plasma transfusion (intraoperative or PACU), No. (%) | 9 (1.7) |
| Postoperative ICU, No. (%) | 146 (28.3) |
Abbreviations: CCI, Charlson Comorbidity Index; CCRT, combined chemotherapy and radiotherapy (RT); ICU, intensive care unit; PACU, post–anesthesia care unit; SCC, squamous cell carcinoma.
a
Scores range from 0 to 33, with higher scores indicating more comorbidities.
b
Includes 320 patients.