Table 2. Factors Associated With Total Medical Expenses: Results of Generalized Linear Model.
| Factor | Expenses, Median (95% CI), US $ | β (95% CI) | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Bivariable Model | Multivariable Model | ||
| Year of survey | NA | 1.02 (0.99-1.06) | NA |
| Age at diagnosis | NA | 1.01 (0.99-1.04) | NA |
| HNC follow-up, y | |||
| ≤1 | 18 113 (5071-31 155) | 1 [Reference] | NA |
| >1 | 8476 (4069-12 883) | 0.73 (0.47-1.12) | NA |
| Age at survey | NA | 0.99 (0.98-1.01) | NA |
| Marital status | |||
| Married | 8539 (6050-11 029) | 1 [Reference] | NA |
| Single | 6813 (3416-10 210) | 1.17 (0.41-3.34) | NA |
| Widowed or separated | 7982 (4809-11155) | 0.93 (0.65-1.34) | NA |
| Race/ethnicity | |||
| White | 10 078 (7914-12 241) | 1 [Reference] | 1 [Reference] |
| Black | 5313 (1817-8809) | 1.36 (0.60-3.10) | 1.46 (0.58-3.68) |
| Asian | 5359 (2977-7741) | 0.52 (0.36-0.74) | 0.53 (0.34-0.82) |
| Hispanic | 6086 (0-14 839) | 1.44 (0.72-2.89) | 1.28 (0.60-2.74) |
| Sex | |||
| Male | 8379 (6340-10 419) | 1 [Reference] | NA |
| Female | 8152 (5288-11 017) | 0.78 (0.56-1.1) | NA |
| Region | |||
| Northeast | 10 549 (5716-15 382) | 1 [Reference] | 1 [Reference] |
| Midwest | 5656 (2985-8326) | 0.54 (0.33-0.88) | 0.55 (0.30-0.99) |
| South | 8621 (6667-10 574) | 0.81 (0.50-1.33) | 0.83 (0.46-1.50) |
| West | 8094 (4931-11 257) | 0.53 (0.34-0.82) | 0.54 (0.29-1.01) |
| Poverty levela | |||
| Poor | 7101 (4307-9896) | 0.86 (0.56-1.30) | NA |
| Near poor | 8768 (3069-14 468) | ||
| Low income | 9641 (5524-13 759) | ||
| Middle income | 6560 (3689-9432) | ||
| High income | 8347 (4667-12 026) | ||
| Total income, per $1000 | NA | 1.00 (0.996-1.00) | NA |
| Employment | |||
| Employed | 7344 (4247-10 442) | 1 [Reference] | NA |
| Unemployed | 9044 (7103-10 984) | 1.06 (0.69-1.63) | NA |
| Insurance | |||
| Any private | 8305 (5774-10 836) | 1 [Reference] | NA |
| Public only | 9182 (6092-12 271) | 1.11 (0.78-1.59) | NA |
| Uninsured | 5287 (1753-8822) | 0.53 (0.07-4.20) | NA |
| Educational level | |||
| Less than high school | 6220 (1086-11 353) | 1.54 (0.96-2.48) | NA |
| High school graduate | 10 205 (5041-15 368) | ||
| Beyond high school | 9618 (4731-14 505) | ||
| Health status | |||
| Poor | 16 990 (9724-24 257) | 0.59 (0.42-0.84) | 0.65 (0.35-1.24) |
| Fair | 8084 (4895-11 272) | ||
| Good | 6219 (3931-8506) | ||
| Very good | 8062 (4887-11 237) | ||
| Excellent | 6714 (1235-12 193) | ||
| Mental health status | |||
| Poor | 23 227 (6621-39 832) | 0.60 (0.40-0.89) | NA |
| Fair | 8080 (535-15 626) | ||
| Good | 8433 (5680-11 187) | ||
| Very good | 8115 (5491-10 739) | ||
| Excellent | 8189 (4575-11 803) | ||
| van Walraven Index | NA | 0.99 (0.95-1.04) | NA |
| Charlson Comorbidity Index | NA | 1.02 (0.94-1.11) | NA |
Abbreviations: HNC, head and neck cancer; NA, not applicable.
a
Poverty levels are defined in the Data Source and Definitions subsection of the Methods section.