Table. Patient Characteristics, Perioperative Features, and Index Complication Rates of Readmitted and Nonreadmitted Patients After Open Pancreaticoduodenectomya.
| Characteristic | Not Readmitted (n = 4244) | Readmitted (n = 930) | P Value |
|---|---|---|---|
| Demographic Features | |||
| Age, median (IQR), y | 65 (57-72) | 65 (56-72) | .65 |
| Male | 2198 (51.8) | 518 (55.7) | .03 |
| Comorbidities | |||
| BMI, median (IQR) | 26 (23.2-29.9) | 27 (23.4,-30.8) | .004 |
| Preoperative albumin, median (IQR), g/dL | 3.9 (3.4-4.2) | 3.9 (3.4-4.2) | .37 |
| Diabetes | 1060 (25.0) | 245 (26.3) | .38 |
| Smoking history | 825 (19.4) | 190 (20.4) | .49 |
| Disseminated cancer | 172 (4.1) | 45 (4.8) | .28 |
| Weight loss | 761 (17.9) | 151 (16.2) | .22 |
| Corticosteroid use | 94 (2.2) | 20 (2.2) | .90 |
| Perioperative Factors | |||
| Neoadjuvant radiotherapy | 304 (7.2) | 83 (9.0) | .07 |
| Neoadjuvant chemotherapy | 684 (16.2) | 141 (15.3) | .47 |
| Vascular resection | 740 (17.7) | 186 (20.3) | .07 |
| Operative time, median (IQR), min | 348 (272.5-431.5) | 355 (275-432) | .25 |
| ASA physical status, median (IQR), scoreb | 3 (3-3) | 3 (3-3) | .77 |
| LOS, median (IQR), d | 8 (6-10) | 8 (7-10) | .20 |
| Index Complicationsc | |||
| Fistulad | |||
| Any | 403 (9.6) | 146 (15.8) | <.001 |
| Grade A | 333 (7.9) | 120 (13.0) | <.001 |
| Grade B or C | 70 (1.7) | 26 (2.8) | .03 |
| Delayed gastric emptying | 175 (4.2) | 64 (7.1) | <.001 |
| Surgical site infection | |||
| Superficial | 171 (4.1) | 39 (4.2) | .82 |
| Deep incisional | 17 (0.4) | 3 (0.3) | >.99 |
| Organ space | 104 (2.5) | 20 (2.2) | .59 |
| Wound dehiscence | 7 (0.2) | 2 (0.2) | .74 |
| Sepsis | 95 (2.2) | 21 (2.3) | .97 |
| Renal insufficiency or failure | 7 (0.2) | 2 (0.2) | .74 |
| Reoperation | 44 (1.0) | 10 (1.1) | .86 |
| Pneumonia | 53 (1.2) | 17 (1.8) | .17 |
| Thromboembolism | 40 (0.9) | 13 (1.4) | .21 |
| Urinary tract infection | 69 (1.6) | 12 (1.3) | .56 |
| Myocardial infarction | 17 (0.4) | 5 (0.5) | .58 |
Abbreviations: ASA, American Society of Anesthesiologists; BMI, body mass index (calculated as weight in kilograms divided by height in meters squared); IQR, interquartile range; LOS, length of stay.
SI conversion factor: To convert albumin to grams per liter, multiply by 10.
Data are expressed as number (percentage) unless otherwise specified.
The ASA score ranges from 1 to 6, with higher scores indicating greater morbidity.
Percutaneous drainage was not included in this analysis because the American College of Surgeons National Quality Improvement Program does not document whether procedures were performed during the index hospitalization period.
Fistulas are graded by the database as A (prolonged drainage of amylase-rich fluid), B (clinically significant fistula requiring percutaneous drainage), or C (clinically significant fistula requiring reoperation).