Table 1.
Characteristics of controls and patients having LID.
| Characteristics | Mean ± SD | Range |
|---|---|---|
| Controls (n = 69; 30 Females) | ||
| Age (year) | 68.1 ± 7.7 | 45–82 |
| MMSE (/30) | 28.6 ± 1.5 | 23–30 |
| GDS-15 (/15) | 1.7 ± 2.0 | 0–11 |
| Patients (n = 88; 41 Females) | ||
| Age (year) | 67.5 ± 8.7 | 37–83 |
| MMSE (/30) | 27.3 ± 2.5 | 19–30 |
| GDS-15 (/15) | 3.7 ± 2.8 | 0–13 |
| Years since diagnosis | 10.4 ± 5.5 | 1–30 |
| LEDD (mg)a | 1048.9 ± 520.0 | 200–2,790 |
| MDS-UPDRS PART III ONb | ||
| Speech | 1.2 ± 1.0 | 0–4 |
| Facial expression (3.2) | 1.6 ± 1.0 | 0–4 |
| Arms rigidity (3.3)c | 0.7 ± 0.7 | 0–2.5 |
| Legs rigidity (3.3)c | 1.1 ± 0.8 | 0–4 |
| Arising from chair (3.9) | 0.4 ± 0.7 | 0–3 |
| Gait (3.10) | 1.1 ± 0.9 | 0–3 |
| Freezing of gait (3.11) | 0.3 ± 0.7 | 0–4 |
| Postural instability (3.12) | 1.2 ± 1.0 | 0–4 |
| Posture (3.13) | 0.8 ± 0.9 | 0–3 |
| Bradykinesia (3.14) | 1.0 ± 1.0 | 0–4 |
| Postural tremor (3.15)c | 0.4 ± 0.8 | 0–4 |
| Rest tremor (3.17)c | 0.2 ± 0.5 | 0–3 |
| MDS-UPDRS PART IVb | ||
| Time spent with LID (4.1) | 1.6 ± 0.9 | 0–4 |
| Functional impact of LID (4.2) | 1.7 ± 1.0 | 0–4 |
| Hoehn and Yahr score ONb | 2.3 ± 0.7 | 1–4 |
a
Missing data for 9 participants.
b
Higher score indicates worse functioning.
c
Score represent the mean of the left and right segments.
GDS-15, 15-item Geriatric Depression Scale; MDS-UPDRS, Movement Disorder Society-Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale; SD, Standard deviation, LEDD, Levodopa Equivalent Daily Dose.