Table 3. One-Year Black Carbon Exposure and Allelic Risk Scores .
| Framework | Difference in IOP (95% CI) | P Value | AIC |
|---|---|---|---|
| Independent Model | |||
| Tier 1a | 0.07 (−0.23 to 0.37) | .64 | 4277 |
| Tier 2b | 0.13 (−0.18 to 0.45) | .40 | 4345 |
| Tier 3c | 0.14 (−0.18 to 0.45) | .40 | 4319 |
| Tier 4d | 0.13 (−0.19 to 0.44) | .42 | 4320 |
| Joint Modelc | 4326 | ||
| Black carbon (IQR) | 0.13 (−0.19 to 0.44) | .44 | NA |
| Endothelial function pathway allelic risk score | NA | ||
| Low | 1 [Reference] | .48 | NA |
| High | 0.18 (−0.33 to 0.69) | NA | |
| Metal-processing pathway allelic risk score | NA | ||
| Low | 1 [Reference] | .16 | NA |
| High | −0.39 (−0.94 to 0.15) | NA | |
| Oxidative stress pathway allelic risk score | NA | ||
| Low | 1 [Reference] | .62 | NA |
| High | −0.13 (−0.66 to 0.40) | NA | |
Abbreviations: AIC, Akaike information criterion; BMI, body mass index; CRP, C-reactive protein; IOP, intraocular pressure; IQR, interquartile range; NA, not applicable.
Tier 1 adjusted for chronological age and year of study visit.
Tier 2 adjusted for chronological age, year of study visit, temperature, pack-years, smoking status, season of visit, BMI, alcohol consumption, educational level, CRP C-reactive protein level, systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, fasting blood glucose level, and cholesterol level.
Tier 3 adjusted for chronological age, year of study visit, temperature, pack-years, smoking status, season of visit, BMI, alcohol consumption, educational level, CRP level, hypertension, diabetes, and ischemic heart disease.
Tier 4 adjusted for tier 3 covariates and glaucoma.