Table 1.
Socio-demographic, dust sampling, and residence characteristics of 252 ALL cases and 306 controls, the Northern California Childhood Leukemia Study, 2001–2007
| Characteristics | Cases no. (%) | Controls no. (%) |
|---|---|---|
| Sex | ||
| Male | 146 (58) | 181 (59) |
| Female | 106 (4) | 125 (41) |
| Age (years) | ||
| 0 – 1 | 5 (2.) | 12 (4) |
| >1 – 2 | 32 (13) | 41 (13) |
| >2 – 5 | 142 (56) | 181 (59) |
| >5 – 7 | 73 (29) | 72 (24) |
| Age (mean ± SD) | 4.0 ± 1.8 | 3.7 ± 1.8 |
| Race/Ethnicity | ||
| Hispanic | 94 (37) | 89 (29) |
| Non-Hispanic White | 93 (37) | 151 (49) |
| Non-Hispanic others | 65 (26) | 66 (22) |
| Annual household income (US $) | ||
| <15,000 | 24 (10) | 16 (5) |
| 15,000 – 29,999 | 33 (13) | 27 (9) |
| 30,000 – 44,999 | 41 (16) | 36 (12) |
| 45,000 – 59,999 | 41 (16) | 39 (13) |
| 60,000 – 74,999 | 18 (7) | 29 (10) |
| ≥75,000 | 95 (38) | 159 (52) |
| Mother’s education | ||
| No schooling/elementary | 22 (9) | 19 (6) |
| High school/GED | 64 (25) | 69 (23) |
| Some college | 68 (27) | 100 (33) |
| Bachelor’s degree | 48 (19) | 78 (26) |
| Post-Baccalaureate degree | 40 (16) | 29 (10) |
| Technical/trade school/other | 10 (4) | 11 (4) |
| Father’s education | ||
| No schooling/elementary | 33 (13) | 24 (8) |
| High school | 66 (26) | 71 (23) |
| Some college | 53 (21) | 93 (30) |
| Bachelor’s degree | 38 (15) | 55 (18) |
| Post-Baccalaureate degree | 50 (20) | 42 (14) |
| Technical/trade school/other | 7 (3) | 15 (5) |
| Unknown | 5 (2.) | 6 (2) |
| Neighborhood type | ||
| Urban | 181 (72) | 225 (74) |
| Suburban | 36 (14) | 28 (9) |
| Rural | 29 (12) | 44 (14) |
| Unknown | 6 (2) | 9 (3) |
| Residence type | ||
| Single family | 201 (80) | 268 (88) |
| Duplex/townhouse | 22 (9) | 13 (4) |
| Apartment/condominium | 22 (9) | 20 (7) |
| Mobile home | 7 (3) | 4 (1) |
| Unknown | 0 (0) | 1 (<1) |
| Year residence built | ||
| ≤1939 | 14 (6) | 19 (6) |
| 1940–1949 | 19 (8) | 25 (8) |
| 1950–1959 | 29 (12) | 37 (12) |
| 1960–1969 | 24 (10) | 33 (11) |
| 1970–1979 | 35 (14) | 39 (13) |
| 1980–1984 | 10 (4) | 19 (6) |
| 1985–1989 | 14 (6) | 22 (7) |
| ≥1990 | 72 (29) | 82 (27) |
| Unknown | 35 (14) | 30 (10) |
| Year of dust collection | ||
| 2001–2002 | 63 (25) | 62 (20) |
| 2003–2004 | 92 (37) | 94 (31) |
| 2005–2006 | 67 (27) | 101 (33) |
| 2007 | 30 (12) | 49 (16) |
| Season of dust collection | ||
| Winter | 62 (25) | 42 (14) |
| Spring | 54 (21) | 91 (30) |
| Summer | 82 (33) | 85 (28) |
| Fall | 54 (21) | 88 (29) |
Abbreviations: ALL, acute lymphocytic leukemia; SD, standard deviation; %, percentage (do not add up to 100 due to rounding)