Table 1.
Baseline Patient Characteristics and Direct-Acting Antiviral Regimens of Study Participants According to Study Sites
| Covariates | San Diego, CA | La Coruña, Spain | Madrid, Spain | Sassari, Italy | Vigo, Spain |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| (n = 177) | (n = 286) | (n = 112) | (n = 59) | (n = 150) | |
| DAA Regimen-Simplified, n (%)a | |||||
| Sofosbuvir plus ribavirin | 11 (6.2) | 3 (1.1) | 1 (0.9) | 1 (1.7) | 0 (0) |
| Sofosbuvir plus ledipasvir ± ribavirin | 103 (58.2) | 77 (26.9) | 73 (65.2) | 13 (22.0) | 99 (66) |
| Sofosbuvir plus simeprevir ± ribavirin | 19 (10.7) | 26 (9.1) | 2 (1.8) | 0 (0) | 18 (12) |
| Sofosbuvir plus daclatasvir ± ribavirin | 5 (2.8) | 4 (1.4) | 10 (8.9) | 17 (28.8) | 11 (7.3) |
| PrOD ± ribavirin | 3 (1.7) | 30 (10.5) | 18 (16.1) | 8 (13.6) | 16 (10.7) |
| Sofosbuvir plus velpatasvir ± ribavirin | 24 (13.6) | 90 (31.5) | 0 (0) | 8 (13.6) | 5 (3.3) |
| Ombitasvir/paritaprevir/ritonavir + ribavirin | 0 (0) | 10 (3.5) | 7 (6.3) | 0 (0) | 1 (0.7) |
| Grazoprevir/elbasvir | 5 (2.8) | 0 (0) | 1 (0.9) | 7 (11.9) | 0 (0) |
| Glecaprevir/pibrentasvir | 7 (3.9) | 46 (16.1) | 0 (0) | 5 (8.5) | 0 (0) |
| Gender, n (%)b | |||||
| Female | 24 (13.6) | 89 (31.1) | 31 (27.7) | 14 (23.7) | 34 (22.7) |
| Male | 153 (86.4) | 197 (68.9) | 81 (72.3) | 45 (76.3) | 116 (77.3) |
| Race/Ethnicity, n (%)a | |||||
| Nonwhite | 33 (18.6) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) |
| White | 144 (81.4) | 286 (100) | 112 (100) | 59 (100) | 150 (100) |
| HIV Risk Factor, n (%)a | |||||
| Men who have sex with men | 43 (24.3) | 19 (6.6) | 9 (8.0) | 0 (0) | 1 (0.7) |
| Heterosexual | 29 (16.4) | 0 (0) | 10 (8.9) | 4 (6.8) | 40 (26.7) |
| Hemophilia | 4 (2.3) | 5 (1.8) | 1 (0.9) | 0 (0) | 1 (0.7) |
| MSM + intravenous drug use | 21 (11.9) | 10 (3.5) | 1 (0.9) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) |
| Heterosexual + intravenous drug use | 46 (26.0) | 252 (88.1) | 91 (88.3) | 55 (93.2) | 108 (72) |
| Other | 34 (19.2) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) |
| Active Alcohol, Baseline, n (%)a | |||||
| No, | 139 (78.5) | 171 (59.8) | 65 (58.0) | 51 (86.4) | 123 (82) |
| Yes | 38 (21.5) | 115 (40.2) | 47 (42.0 | 8 (13.6) | 27 (18) |
| Active Illegal Drugs, Baseline, n (%)a | |||||
| No | 125 (70.6) | 177 (61.9) | 89 (79.5) | 59 (100) | 129 (86) |
| Yes | 52 (29.4) | 109 (38.1) | 23 (20.5) | 0 (0) | 21 (14) |
| Active Intravenous Drug Use, Baseline, n (%)a | |||||
| No | 170 (96.1) | 249 (87.0) | 109 (97.3) | 59 (100) | 129 (86) |
| Yes | 7 (3.9) | 37 (13) | 3 (2.7) | 0 (0) | 21 (14) |
| Unstable Housing, n (%)a | |||||
| No | 163 (92.1) | 253 (88.5) | 108 (96.4) | 59 (100) | 125 (83.3) |
| Yes | 14 (7.9) | 33 (11.5) | 4 (3.6) | 0 (0) | 25 (16.7) |
| Active Mental Illness, n (%)a | |||||
| No | 137 (77.4) | 220 (76.9) | 70 (62.5) | 51 (86.4) | 87 (58.0) |
| Yes | 40 (22.6) | 66 (23.1) | 42 (37.5) | 8 (13.6) | 63 (42.0) |
| HCV Genotype (Grouped), n (%)a | |||||
| 1/1a/1b | 140 (79.1) | 216 (75.5) | 68 (60.7) | 31 (52.5) | 100 (66.7) |
| 2/2b | 7 (4.0) | 8 (2.8) | 2 (1.8) | 1 (1.7) | 0 (0) |
| 3/3a/3b | 23 (13.0) | 30 (10.5) | 12 (10.7) | 14 (23.7) | 17 (11.3) |
| 4 | 7 (3.9) | 32 (11.2) | 30 (26.8) | 13 (22.1) | 33 (22.0) |
| Fibrosis Score, n (%)a | |||||
| F0–2 | 101 (57.1) | 171 (59.8) | 56 (50) | 15 (25.4) | 75 (50) |
| F3–4 | 76 (42.9) | 115 (40.2) | 56 (50) | 44 (74.6) | 75 (50) |
| HCV Treatment Naive, n (%)a | |||||
| No | 49 (27.7) | 131 (45.8) | 34 (30.4) | 16 (27.1) | 37 (24.7) |
| Yes | 128 (72.3) | 155 (54.2) | 78 (69.6) | 43 (72.8) | 113 (75.3) |
| Cirrhosis, n (%)a | |||||
| No | 124 (70.1) | 228 (79.7) | 74 (66.1) | 30 (50.9) | 83 (55.3) |
| Yes | 53 (29.9) | 58 (20.3) | 38 (33.9) | 29 (49.1) | 67 (44.7) |
| History Prior Decompensation, n (%)b | |||||
| No | 162 (91.5) | 275 (96.1) | 103 (92.0) | 52 (88.1) | 142 (94.7) |
| Yes | 15 (8.5) | 11 (3.9) | 9 (8.0) | 7 (11.7) | 8 (5.3) |
| HIV Viral Load in Copies/mL, n (%)a | |||||
| >50 | 11 (6.2) | 64 (22.4) | 6 (5.4) | 9 (15.3) | 3 (2.0) |
| ≤50 | 166 (93.8) | 222 (77.6) | 106 (94.6) | 50 (84.8) | 147 (98.0) |
| HCV Viral Load IU/mL, n (%)a | |||||
| >700 000 | 125 (70.6) | 81 (28.3) | 80 (71.4) | 38 (64.4) | 111 (74) |
| ≤700 000 | 52 (29.4) | 205 (71.7) | 32 (28.6) | 21 (35.6) | 39 (26) |
| Age (years), mean (95% CI) | 50.8 (49.3–52.3) | 46.3 (45.3–47.4) | 51.7(50.6–52.9) | 54. 2 (52.9–55.5) | 51.3 (50.3–52.3) |
| Log10 HCV viral load, mean (95% CI) | 6.1 (6.1–6.4) | 5.4 (5.1–5.5) | 6.1 (6.1–6.5) | 6.0 (5.9–6.4) | 6.2 (6.1–6.4) |
| Charlson Comorbidity Score, mean (95% CI) | 5.5 (4.9–6.1) | 8.3 (8.2–8.5) | 2.3(1.9–2.7) | 2.1 (1.7–2.5) | 4.4 (3.9–4.7) |
| CD4 before DAA initiation, mean (95% CI) | 558.2 (512.1–604.3) | 433.9 (405.7–462.0) | 603.5 (539.9–667.0) | 869.3 (737.5–1001.1) | 547.3 (489.9–604.8) |
Abbreviations: CI, confidence interval; DAA, direct-acting antivirals; HCV, hepatitis C virus; HIV, human immunodeficiency virus; MSM, men who have sex with men; PrOD, paritaprevir/ritonavir-ombitasvir and dasabuvir.
a P < .0001.
b P < .001.