Table 1.
Characteristics of subjects.
| Variables | Cases (N = 964) | Controls (N = 1021) | P |
|---|---|---|---|
| N (%) | N (%) | ||
| Age (years) | 30.57 ± 3.69* | 30.30 ± 3.59* | 0.094 |
| <35 | 827 (85.79) | 900 (88.15) | 0.118 |
| ≥35 | 137 (14.21) | 121 (11.85) | |
| Prepregnancy BMI (kg/m2) | 22.08 ± 2.94* | 22.03 ± 2.83* | 0.685 |
| Underweight, 18.5 | 83 (8.61) | 100 (9.79) | 0.408 |
| Normal weight, 18.5–23.9 | 657 (68.15) | 691 (67.68) | |
| Overweight, 24.0–27.9 | 184 19.09) | 200 (19.59) | |
| Obese, ≥28 | 40 (4.15) | 30 (2.94) | |
| Parity | |||
| Nulliparous | 827 (85.79) | 953 (93.34) | <0.001 |
| Multiparous | 137 (14.21) | 68 (6.66) | |
| Abnormal pregnancy history | |||
| No | 847 (87.86) | 981 (96.08) | <0.001 |
| Yes | 117 (12.14) | 40 (3.92) | |
| Family history of diabetes | |||
| No | 791 (82.05) | 876 (85.80) | 0.023 |
| Yes | 173 (17.95) | 145 (14.20) | |
*Mean ± SD.