Table 2.
Descriptive statistics of fraction of unbound drug in brain ROIs (fu,brain,ROI) determined in post-mortem brain regions from control (Group: Control) and AD (Group: AD) donors, and rats (Group: Rat). Median values are based on the number of technical replicates (n), and mean values are based on the number of biological replicates (N). AD, Alzheimer’s disease; FrCx, frontal cortex; PrCx, parietal cortex; BG, basal ganglia; CRB, cerebellum; HIP, hippocampus; WB, whole brain; fu,brain,ROI, fraction of unbound drug in brain region of interest; SD, standard deviation from the mean.
| Drug | Parameter | Control | AD | Rat | |||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| FrCx | PrCx | BG | CRB | FrCx | PrCx | BG | CRB | FrCx | PrCx | BG | CRB | HIP | WB | ||
| Paliperidone* | Median | 0.198 | 0.183 | 0.192 | 0.207 | 0.216 | 0.224 | 0.249 | 0.350 | 0.138 | na | 0.128 | 0.143 | 0.150 | 0.151 |
| 1st quartile | 0.173 | 0.169 | 0.158 | 0.194 | 0.206 | 0.214 | 0.229 | 0.310 | 0.116 | na | 0.117 | 0.117 | 0.136 | 0.118 | |
| 3rd quartile | 0.227 | 0.209 | 0.201 | 0.229 | 0.274 | 0.258 | 0.262 | 0.420 | 0.167 | na | 0.145 | 0.167 | 0.164 | 0.159 | |
| n | 18 | 18 | 11 | 18 | 17 | 16 | 12 | 15 | 7 | na | 5 | 9 | 4 | 7 | |
| Mean | 0.197 | 0.189 | 0.186 | 0.217 | 0.237 | 0.232 | 0.249 | 0.374 | 0.144 | na | 0.128 | 0.145 | 0.157 | 0.141 | |
| SD | 0.033 | 0.025 | 0.031 | 0.037 | 0.044 | 0.039 | 0.022 | 0.099 | 0.028 | na | 0.021 | 0.028 | 0.024 | 0.003 | |
| N | 6 | 6 | 4 | 6 | 6 | 6 | 5 | 5 | 3 | na | 2 | 3 | 3 | 3 | |
| Memantine | Median | 0.092 | 0.086 | 0.093 | 0.116 | 0.117 | 0.103 | 0.111 | 0.142 | 0.073 | 0.068 | 0.077 | 0.078 | 0.090 | 0.071 |
| 1st quartile | 0.089 | 0.083 | 0.073 | 0.098 | 0.089 | 0.092 | 0.106 | 0.130 | 0.069 | 0.066 | 0.073 | 0.066 | 0.075 | 0.060 | |
| 3rd quartile | 0.099 | 0.091 | 0.102 | 0.122 | 0.133 | 0.106 | 0.118 | 0.159 | 0.081 | 0.081 | 0.077 | 0.080 | 0.097 | 0.085 | |
| n | 18 | 18 | 11 | 18 | 17 | 17 | 13 | 17 | 4 | 5 | 5 | 9 | 9 | 7 | |
| Mean | 0.094 | 0.088 | 0.092 | 0.113 | 0.114 | 0.099 | 0.114 | 0.152 | 0.076 | 0.071 | 0.078 | 0.071 | 0.088 | 0.071 | |
| SD | 0.004 | 0.006 | 0.022 | 0.016 | 0.025 | 0.009 | 0.010 | 0.053 | 0.012 | 0.006 | 0.004 | 0.009 | 0.006 | 0.014 | |
| N | 6 | 6 | 4 | 6 | 6 | 6 | 5 | 6 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 3 | 3 | 3 | |
| Indomethacin | Median | 0.088 | 0.083 | 0.071 | 0.109 | 0.095 | 0.080 | 0.089 | 0.116 | 0.065 | 0.064 | 0.066 | 0.076 | 0.068 | 0.065 |
| 1st quartile | 0.077 | 0.069 | 0.063 | 0.098 | 0.074 | 0.075 | 0.076 | 0.110 | 0.057 | 0.062 | 0.062 | 0.062 | 0.063 | 0.059 | |
| 3rd quartile | 0.094 | 0.085 | 0.083 | 0.120 | 0.124 | 0.090 | 0.097 | 0.178 | 0.074 | 0.066 | 0.069 | 0.081 | 0.074 | 0.069 | |
| n | 18 | 15 | 7 | 15 | 18 | 17 | 13 | 15 | 7 | 10 | 10 | 9 | 10 | 6 | |
| Mean | 0.088 | 0.079 | 0.073 | 0.113 | 0.103 | 0.085 | 0.089 | 0.149 | 0.068 | 0.066 | 0.065 | 0.071 | 0.068 | 0.064 | |
| SD | 0.014 | 0.012 | 0.018 | 0.022 | 0.031 | 0.013 | 0.010 | 0.041 | 0.012 | 0.004 | 0.007 | 0.005 | 0.006 | 0.001 | |
| N | 6 | 5 | 3 | 5 | 6 | 6 | 5 | 5 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 2 | |
| Donepezil | Median | 0.078 | 0.074 | 0.072 | 0.069 | 0.132 | 0.118 | 0.085 | 0.071 | 0.071 | 0.069 | 0.071 | 0.056 | 0.073 | 0.066 |
| 1st quartile | 0.072 | 0.066 | 0.066 | 0.065 | 0.084 | 0.088 | 0.068 | 0.065 | 0.069 | 0.067 | 0.070 | 0.045 | 0.072 | 0.058 | |
| 3rd quartile | 0.090 | 0.082 | 0.077 | 0.074 | 0.152 | 0.132 | 0.090 | 0.086 | 0.074 | 0.076 | 0.072 | 0.061 | 0.080 | 0.075 | |
| n | 18 | 18 | 11 | 13 | 18 | 18 | 13 | 14 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 10 | 9 | 7 | |
| Mean | 0.081 | 0.076 | 0.071 | 0.069 | 0.147 | 0.122 | 0.086 | 0.071 | 0.071 | 0.069 | 0.069 | 0.054 | 0.076 | 0.065 | |
| SD | 0.009 | 0.012 | 0.008 | 0.065 | 0.085 | 0.045 | 0.028 | 0.065 | 0.003 | 0.006 | 0.002 | 0.005 | 0.006 | 0.009 | |
| N | 6 | 6 | 4 | 6 | 6 | 6 | 5 | 6 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 3 | 3 | 3 | |
| Diazepam | Median | 0.057 | 0.052 | 0.046 | 0.072 | 0.068 | 0.064 | 0.069 | 0.101 | 0.036 | 0.042 | 0.043 | 0.059 | 0.049 | 0.040 |
| 1st quartile | 0.055 | 0.049 | 0.041 | 0.065 | 0.054 | 0.060 | 0.061 | 0.076 | 0.035 | 0.041 | 0.039 | 0.050 | 0.039 | 0.037 | |
| 3rd quartile | 0.061 | 0.060 | 0.062 | 0.078 | 0.085 | 0.080 | 0.075 | 0.142 | 0.038 | 0.047 | 0.048 | 0.061 | 0.053 | 0.044 | |
| n | 18 | 18 | 11 | 18 | 17 | 17 | 13 | 15 | 8 | 10 | 9 | 10 | 10 | 6 | |
| Mean | 0.058 | 0.055 | 0.053 | 0.072 | 0.077 | 0.071 | 0.068 | 0.105 | 0.037 | 0.043 | 0.044 | 0.055 | 0.048 | 0.040 | |
| SD | 0.004 | 0.008 | 0.013 | 0.005 | 0.027 | 0.019 | 0.007 | 0.051 | 0.002 | 0.004 | 0.009 | 0.010 | 0.008 | 0.006 | |
| N | 6 | 6 | 4 | 6 | 6 | 6 | 5 | 5 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 2 | |
*Rat fu,brain,ROI values for paliperidone have been taken from a previous study by Loryan et al.23.